How to format your references using the ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization (TACO). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Gebisa Ejeta. 2010. African Green Revolution needn’t be a mirage. Science 327, 5967 (February 2010), 831–832.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Andrew Moiseff and Jonathan Copeland. 2010. Firefly synchrony: a behavioral strategy to minimize visual clutter. Science 329, 5988 (July 2010), 181.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Laura MacLehose, Martin McKee, and Julius Weinberg. 2002. Responding to the challenge of communicable disease in Europe. Science 295, 5562 (March 2002), 2047–2050.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Ning Shi, Sheng Ye, Amer Alam, Liping Chen, and Youxing Jiang. 2006. Atomic structure of a Na+- and K+-conducting channel. Nature 440, 7083 (March 2006), 570–574.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Stefano Bonnini, Livio Corain, Marco Marozzi, and Luigi Salmaso. 2014. Nonparametric Hypothesis Testing: Rank and Permutation Methods with Applications in R. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

[1]

Philip Lockley (Ed.). 2016. Protestant Communalism in the Trans-Atlantic World, 1650–1850. Palgrave Macmillan UK, London.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

D. P. Riley, E. H. Kisi, E. Wu, T. Hansen, and P. Henry. 2010. Applications of In Situ Neutron Diffraction to Optimisation of Novel Materials Synthesis. In Studying Kinetics with Neutrons: Prospects for Time-Resolved Neutron Scattering, Götz Eckold, Helmut Schober and Stephen E. Nagler (eds.). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 123–148.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization.

Blog post

[1]

Tom Hale. 2016. Priceless Specimens Destroyed In A Fire At India’s Natural History Museum. IFLScience. Retrieved October 30, 2018 from https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/priceless-specimens-destroyed-fire-indias-natural-history-museum/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. 2016. Rail Grant Oversight: Greater Adherence to Leading Practices Needed to Improve Grants Management. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Marc Andrew Gomes. 2017. Cognitive science approaches to actor training: Interrogating conceptual language. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

James Poniewozik. 2017. Inauguration Watch: Mr. Reality TV Goes to Washington. New York Times, A22.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2, 4].
This sentence cites four references [2, 5, 6, 8].

About the journal

Full journal title	ACM Transactions on Architecture and Code Optimization
ISSN (print)	1544-3566
ISSN (online)	1544-3973
Scope	Hardware and Architecture Information Systems Software