How to format your references using the Agricultural and Food Economics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Agricultural and Food Economics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pyne SJ (2001) Essays on science and society. The fires this time, and next. Science 294:1005–1006

A journal article with 2 authors

Heo JB, Sung S (2011) Vernalization-mediated epigenetic silencing by a long intronic noncoding RNA. Science 331:76–79

A journal article with 3 authors

Tomioka K, Yoshimura M, Fukui T (2012) A III-V nanowire channel on silicon for high-performance vertical transistors. Nature 488:189–192

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Gauthier-Clerc M, Le Maho Y, Clerquin Y, et al (2000) Penguin fathers preserve food for their chicks. Nature 408:928–929

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bucci D (2017) Analog Electronics for Measuring Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Paugh P, Kress T, Lake R (eds) (2014) Teaching towards Democracy with Postmodern and Popular Culture Texts. SensePublishers, Rotterdam

A chapter in an edited book

Favorskaya M, Kozlova Y, Tweedale JW, Jain LC (2015) Evaluation of Student Knowledge Using an e-Learning Framework. In: Sharma D, Favorskaya M, Jain LC, Howlett RJ (eds) Fusion of Smart, Multimedia and Computer Gaming Technologies: Research, Systems and Perspectives. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 91–114

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Agricultural and Food Economics.

Blog post

Hale T (2015) Russia Is Using An Ingenious Method To Stop People Abusing Disabled Parking Spots. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/technology/ingenius-method-russia-using-stop-people-abusing-disabled-parking-spots/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1980) Policies on U.S. Citizens Studying Medicine Abroad Need Review and Reappraisal. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Aloe-Chase ST (2008) Family member perspectives on collaboration: An exploratory study. Doctoral dissertation, Capella University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Woolfe Z (2013) The Newest Russia House. New York Times C1

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Pyne 2001).
This sentence cites two references (Pyne 2001; Heo and Sung 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Heo and Sung 2011)
Three or more authors: (Gauthier-Clerc et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Agricultural and Food Economics
Abbreviation	Agric. Food Econ.
ISSN (online)	2193-7532
Scope