How to format your references using the American Journal of Cancer Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for American Journal of Cancer Research (AJCR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Chapman GA. Astronomy. Aspects of our Sun. Science 2008; 322: 535–536.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Freidin E, Kacelnik A. Rational choice, context dependence, and the value of information in European starlings (Sturnus vulgaris). Science 2011; 334: 1000–1002.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Wild K, Sinning I, Cusack S. Crystal structure of an early protein-RNA assembly complex of the signal recognition particle. Science 2001; 294: 598–601.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

Sam M, Vora S, Malnic B, Ma W, Novotny MV, Buck LB. Neuropharmacology. Odorants may arouse instinctive behaviours. Nature 2001; 412: 142.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Church RL, Murray AT. Business Site Selection, Location Analysis and GIS. Hoboken, NJ, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2008.

An edited book

[1]

Rooney PR, Gasperini A, eds. Media and Print Culture Consumption in Nineteenth-Century Britain: The Victorian Reading Experience. London, Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Lucarelli M, Mencar C, Castiello C, Fanelli AM. A New Heuristic Function for DC*. Fuzzy Logic and Applications: 10th International Workshop, WILF 2013, Genoa, Italy, November 19-22, 2013. Proceedings. Edited by Masulli F, Pasi G, Yager R. Cham, Springer International Publishing, 2013, pp. 44–51.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for American Journal of Cancer Research.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. How We Identified Weird And Wonderful “Jurassic Platypus” Dinosaur. IFLScience, 2015, https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/how-we-identified-weird-and-wonderful-jurassic-platypus-dinosaur/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Aviation Safety: Better Oversight Would Reduce the Risk of Air Taxi Accidents. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Cervantes-Kelly MD. Translation and interpretation as a means to improve bilingual high school students’ English and Spanish academic language proficiency. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Brantley B. Insanity Most Genteel. New York Times, 2016, C1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1,2,3,4].

About the journal

Full journal title	American Journal of Cancer Research
ISSN (online)	2156-6976
Scope