How to format your references using the Anesthesiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Anesthesiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Gravitz L: Introduction: a smouldering public-health crisis. Nature 2011; 474:S2-4

A journal article with 2 authors

Lu M, Fu D: Structure of the zinc transporter YiiP. Science 2007; 317:1746–8

A journal article with 3 authors

Fricke HC, Hencecroth J, Hoerner ME: Lowland-upland migration of sauropod dinosaurs during the Late Jurassic epoch. Nature 2011; 480:513–5

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Klein DE, Nappi VM, Reeves GT, Shvartsman SY, Lemmon MA: Argos inhibits epidermal growth factor receptor signalling by ligand sequestration. Nature 2004; 430:1040–4

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Beckers B, Beckers P: Reconciliation of Geometry and Perception in Radiation Physics. Hoboken, NJ, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 2014

An edited book

Nishita T, Peng Q, Seidel H-P: Advances in Computer Graphics: 24th Computer Graphics International Conference, CGI 2006, Hangzhou, China, June 26-28, 2006. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg, Springer, 2006

A chapter in an edited book

Urbanek M: Genetic Analyses of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome, Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Current Controversies, From The Ovary To The Pancreas. Edited by Dunaif A, Chang RJ, Franks S, Legro RS. Totowa, NJ, Humana Press, 2008, pp 51–86

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Anesthesiology.

Blog post

Luntz S: Superconductor Record Broken 2014 at <https://www.iflscience.com/physics/superconductor-record-broken/>

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Federal Research: Information on Site Selection Process for DOE’s Super Collider. Washington, DC, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1989

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sokolov CK: Teacher Engagement In Grades 4-8 2017

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kepner T: Cubs Seize Control as Bloop Cancels Out Blunder. New York Times 2017:B12

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Anesthesiology
Abbreviation	Anesthesiology
ISSN (print)	0003-3022
ISSN (online)	1528-1175
Scope	Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine