How to format your references using the animal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for animal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Clark, J.S., 2010. Individuals and the variation needed for high species diversity in forest trees. Science (New York, N.Y.) 327, 1129–1132.

A journal article with 2 authors

Gurdon, J.B., Bourillot, P.Y., 2001. Morphogen gradient interpretation. Nature 413, 797–803.

A journal article with 3 authors

Cappellini, E., Collins, M.J., Gilbert, M.T.P., 2014. Biochemistry. Unlocking ancient protein palimpsests. Science (New York, N.Y.) 343, 1320–1322.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Scherstén, A., Elliott, T., Hawkesworth, C., Norman, M., 2004. Tungsten isotope evidence that mantle plumes contain no contribution from the Earth’s core. Nature 427, 234–237.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Neupert, R., 2011. French Animation History. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Oh, S.-C., 2016. Analytics for Smart Energy Management: Tools and Applications for Sustainable Manufacturing, Springer Series in Advanced Manufacturing. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Tönnies, S., Balke, W.-T., 2010. Uncovering Hidden Qualities – Benefits of Quality Measures for Automatically Generated Metadata. In Research and Advanced Technology for Digital Libraries: 14th European Conference, ECDL 2010, Glasgow, UK, September 6-10, 2010. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science (eds. Lalmas, M., Jose, J., Rauber, A., Sebastiani, F., Frommholz, I.). Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp. 30–37.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for animal.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. NASA Funds Program To Turn Poop Into Food. IFLScience. Retrieved on 30 October 2018 from https://www.iflscience.com/space/nasa-funds-program-turn-poop-back-food/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2008. Safe Routes to School: Progress in Implementing the Program, but a Comprehensive Plan to Evaluate Program Outcomes Is Needed (No. GAO-08-789). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

McCorvey, Z.J., 2013. Addressing disruptive behaviors in an After School Program classroom: The effects of the Daily Behavior Report Card. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hubbard, B., 2016. Evacuation Ends, Leaving Aleppo in Government Hands. New York Times A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Clark, 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Clark, 2010; Gurdon and Bourillot, 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gurdon and Bourillot, 2001)
Three or more authors: (Scherstén et al., 2004)

About the journal

Full journal title	animal
Abbreviation	Animal
ISSN (print)	1751-7311
ISSN (online)	1751-732X
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology