How to format your references using the Annals of Eye Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Eye Science (AES). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sachdev H. MATERIALS SCIENCE. Disclosing boron’s thinnest side. Science. 2015 Dec 18;350(6267):1468–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Heilbron JL, Bynum WF. 1901 and all that. Nature. 2001 Jan 4;409(6816):13–6.

A journal article with 3 authors

Lohmann C, Myhr KL, Wong ROL. Transmitter-evoked local calcium release stabilizes developing dendrites. Nature. 2002 Jul 11;418(6894):177–81.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Perron JT, Mitrovica JX, Manga M, et al. Evidence for an ancient martian ocean in the topography of deformed shorelines. Nature. 2007 Jun 14;447(7146):840–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Idelberger K. The World of Footbridges. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA; 2011.

An edited book

Suárez JC, Garrido R, Balona LA, et al., editors. Stellar Pulsations: Impact of New Instrumentation and New Insights. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. XVIII, 294 p. (Astrophysics and Space Science Proceedings; vol. 31).

A chapter in an edited book

Howard B, Yang T. The Main Results. In: Yang T, editor. Intersections of Hirzebruch–Zagier Divisors and CM Cycles. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2012. p. 65–84. (Lecture Notes in Mathematics).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Eye Science.

Blog post

Andrew E. Fossilized Tracks Reveal How Ancient Sea Monsters Moved [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/fossilized-tracks-reveal-how-ancient-sea-monsters-moved/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Interpretation of Continuing Education and Training Requirements. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1991 Apr. Report No.: 143993.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sato O. The use of statistical metrics as a decision making tool in brief experimental analysis [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Howe SH. Mandan Territory. New York Times. 1904 Sep 24;REVIEW OF BOOKSBR642.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Eye Science
ISSN (online)	2520-4122
Scope