How to format your references using the Annals of Finance citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Finance. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

May, R.M.: Ecology. Tropical arthropod species, more or less? Science. 329, 41–42 (2010)

A journal article with 2 authors

Chang, L., Karin, M.: Mammalian MAP kinase signalling cascades. Nature. 410, 37–40 (2001)

A journal article with 3 authors

Piras, V., Tomita, M., Selvarajoo, K.: Transcriptome-wide variability in single embryonic development cells. Sci. Rep. 4, 7137 (2014)

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Coull, J.A.M., Beggs, S., Boudreau, D., Boivin, D., Tsuda, M., Inoue, K., Gravel, C., Salter, M.W., De Koninck, Y.: BDNF from microglia causes the shift in neuronal anion gradient underlying neuropathic pain. Nature. 438, 1017–1021 (2005)

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Simon, M.K., Lee, D., Martin, W.L., Tsou, H., Yan, T.-Y.: Bandwidth-Efficient Digital Modulation with Application to Deep Space Communications. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ (2005)

An edited book

Boccaccini, A.R., Harding, S.E. eds: Myocardial Tissue Engineering. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg (2011)

A chapter in an edited book

Quarteroni, A., Sacco, R., Saleri, F., Gervasio, P.: Risoluzione di sistemi lineari con metodi iterativi. In: Sacco, R., Saleri, F., and Gervasio, P. (eds.) Matematica Numerica. pp. 115–164. Springer, Milano (2014)

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Finance.

Blog post

Andrew, E.: Autistic Kids Low On Vital Social Hormone, Study Suggests, https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/autistic-kids-low-vital-social-hormone-study-suggests/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office: Emergency Transportation Relief: Agencies Could Improve Collaboration Begun during Hurricane Sandy Response. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC (2014)

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nonu, M.E.: Eagle Lake Climate Change during the Holocene and during the Last 100 Years, (2017)

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Stewart, J.B.: Keep the Returns, Trump; Just Give Us a Few Figures, (2016)

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (May 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Chang and Karin 2001; May 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Chang and Karin 2001)
Three or more authors: (Coull et al. 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Finance
Abbreviation	Ann. Fin.
ISSN (print)	1614-2446
ISSN (online)	1614-2454
Scope	General Economics, Econometrics and Finance Finance