How to format your references using the Annals of Tropical Paediatrics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annals of Tropical Paediatrics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Tauxe W. Genome editing: 4 big questions. Nature. 2015 Dec 3;528(7580):S17.

A journal article with 2 authors

Stocker TF, Plattner GK. Climate policy: Rethink IPCC reports. Nature. 2014 Sep 11;513(7517):163–5.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bell E, Rowen L, Hood L. Publication rights for sequence data producers. Science. 2000 Dec 1;290(5497):1696b–8b.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Juarez MT, Kui JS, Thomas J, Heller BA, Timmermans MCP. microRNA-mediated repression of rolled leaf1 specifies maize leaf polarity. Nature. 2004 Mar 4;428(6978):84–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Prud’homme R. Flows and Chemical Reactions. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2012.

An edited book

Cheema SK, editor. Biochemistry of Atherosclerosis. Boston, MA: Springer US; 2006. XVI, 572 p.

A chapter in an edited book

Lin L, Hedayat AS, Wu W. Sample Size and Power. In: Hedayat AS, Wu W, editors. Statistical Tools for Measuring Agreement. New York, NY: Springer; 2012. p. 71–4.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annals of Tropical Paediatrics.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. How We Found Signs Of ‘Recent’ Running Water On Mars. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/how-we-found-signs-recent-running-water-mars/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Career and Technical Education: Surveys to State Directors of Career and Technical Education (GAO-09-737SP, July 2009), an E-supplement to GAO-09-683. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2009 Jul. Report No.: GAO-09-737SP.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Jansson A. Stratigraphy, Landscape Evolution, and Past Environments at the Billy Big Spring Site, Montana [Doctoral dissertation]. [Tucson, AZ]: University of Arizona; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Novick SM. As Cheese or Chocolate, Comfort Comes Melted. New York Times. 2013 Dec 29;LI8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Annals of Tropical Paediatrics
Abbreviation	Ann. Trop. Paediatr.
ISSN (print)	0272-4936
ISSN (online)	1465-3281
Scope	Pediatrics, Perinatology, and Child Health