How to format your references using the Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Stern P. 2013. The heavily connected brain. Connection, connection, connection... Introduction. Science. 342(6158):577

A journal article with 2 authors

Lubenov EV, Siapas AG. 2009. Hippocampal theta oscillations are travelling waves. Nature. 459(7246):534–39

A journal article with 3 authors

Bao H, Yu S, Tong DQ. 2010. Massive volcanic SO(2) oxidation and sulphate aerosol deposition in Cenozoic North America. Nature. 465(7300):909–12

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Galliou S, Goryachev M, Bourquin R, Abbé P, Aubry JP, Tobar ME. 2013. Extremely low loss phonon-trapping cryogenic acoustic cavities for future physical experiments. Sci. Rep. 3:2132

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Smith RA. 2010. Virgil. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell

An edited book

Setubal JC, Verjovski-Almeida S, eds. 2005. Advances in Bioinformatics and Computational Biology: Brazilian Symposium on Bioinformatics, BSB 2005, Sao Leopoldo, Brazil, July 27-29, 2005. Proceedings, Vol. 3594. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer

A chapter in an edited book

Mohamad KM, Herawan T, Deris MM. 2010. Hiding Data in JPEG Using in-DQT Technique. In Information Security and Assurance: 4th International Conference, ISA 2010, Miyazaki, Japan, June 23-25, 2010. Proceedings, eds. SK Bandyopadhyay, W Adi, T-H Kim, Y Xiao, pp. 27–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics.

Blog post

Andrew E. 2015. Are Some Species Just Too Wild For A Happy Life In Captivity? IFLScience

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1996. FCC: Redesignating and Reallocating Frequency Bands and Establishing Rules and Policies for Local Multipoint Distribution Service and Fixed Satellite Services. OGC-96-44, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nonu ME. 2017. Eagle Lake Climate Change during the Holocene and during the Last 100 Years. Doctoral dissertation thesis. California State University, Long Beach

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Walsh MW. 2012. A Town That Backed a Failed Project Refuses to Pay. New York Times, June 26, , p. B6

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Stern 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Lubenov & Siapas 2009; Stern 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Lubenov & Siapas 2009)
Three or more authors: (Galliou et al. 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Annual Review of Ecology, Evolution, and Systematics
Abbreviation	Annu. Rev. Ecol. Evol. Syst.
ISSN (print)	1543-592X
ISSN (online)	1545-2069
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Ecology