How to format your references using the Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hemker KJ. 2004. Materials science. Understanding how nanocrystalline metals deform. Science. 304(5668):221–23

A journal article with 2 authors

Livneh U, Zador A. 2014. Sensory systems: Sound processing takes motor control. Nature. 513(7517):180–81

A journal article with 3 authors

Robison BH, Reisenbichler KR, Sherlock RE. 2005. Giant larvacean houses: rapid carbon transport to the deep sea floor. Science. 308(5728):1609–11

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Trouet V, Esper J, Graham NE, Baker A, Scourse JD, Frank DC. 2009. Persistent positive North Atlantic oscillation mode dominated the Medieval Climate Anomaly. Science. 324(5923):78–80

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bower JA. 2013. Statistical Methods for Food Science. Oxford, UK: John Wiley & Sons Ltd

An edited book

Hadzic F. 2010. Mining of Data with Complex Structures, Vol. 333. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer

A chapter in an edited book

Han W, Di L, Zhao P, Wei Y, Li X. 2008. Design and Implementation of GeoBrain Online Analysis System (GeOnAS). In Web and Wireless Geographical Information Systems: 8th International Symposium, W2GIS 2008, Shanghai, China, December 11-12, 2008. Proceedings, eds. M Bertolotto, C Ray, X Li, pp. 27–36. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics.

Blog post

Carpineti A. 2016. Neutron Star Collisions Could Reveal Secrets Of Exotic Matter. IFLScience. www.iflscience.com

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2016. Federal Research Grants: Opportunities Remain for Agencies to Streamline Administrative Requirements. GAO-16-573, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Coles J. 2017. The Balancing of Parental Support and Pressure in Fostering Collegiate Athletes. Doctoral dissertation thesis. Northcentral University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barneby MR, Kelly J. 1997. A Pension Gap for Women. New York Times, Aug. 31, , p. 312

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hemker 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Hemker 2004; Livneh & Zador 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Livneh & Zador 2014)
Three or more authors: (Trouet et al. 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics
Abbreviation	Annu. Rev. Fluid Mech.
ISSN (print)	0066-4189
ISSN (online)	1545-4479
Scope	Condensed Matter Physics