How to format your references using the Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Garwood R. 2014. Uprooting researchers can drive them out of science. Nature. 510(7505):313

A journal article with 2 authors

Drake JM, Griffen BD. 2010. Early warning signals of extinction in deteriorating environments. Nature. 467(7314):456–59

A journal article with 3 authors

Tenenbaum JB, de Silva V, Langford JC. 2000. A global geometric framework for nonlinear dimensionality reduction. Science. 290(5500):2319–23

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Chu D, Guo D, Tao Y, Jiang D, Li J, Zhang Y. 2014. Evidence for rapid spatiotemporal changes in genetic structure of an alien whitefly during initial invasion. Sci. Rep. 4:4396

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Häussler-Combe U. 2014. Computational Methods for Reinforced Concrete Structures. D-69451 Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH

An edited book

Paradisi A, Yacoub MD, Lira Figueiredo F, Tronco T, eds. 2016. Long Term Evolution: 4G and Beyond. Cham: Springer International Publishing. XVI, 160 p p.

A chapter in an edited book

de Menezes MV, do Lago Pereira S, de Barros LN. 2010. System Design Modification with Actions. In Advances in Artificial Intelligence – SBIA 2010: 20th Brazilian Symposium on Artificial Intelligence, São Bernardo do Campo, Brazil, October 23-28, 2010. Proceedings, ed AC da Rocha Costa, RM Vicari, F Tonidandel, pp. 31–40. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology.

Blog post

Andrew D. 2016. Plastic Banknotes: New Fingerprint Technique Means Criminals Can’t Avoid Capture. IFLScience. www.iflscience.com

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2012. Postsecondary Education: Financial Trends in Public and Private Nonprofit Institutions. GAO-12-179, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Diggs BJ. 2017. African American Online Doctor of Management Students’ Perceptions of Dissertation Writing and Support: Narrative Inquiry. Doctoral dissertation thesis. University of Phoenix

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Ochs SM. 2016. At Banks, the Buck Stops Short. New York Times, Sep. 15, p. A27

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1, 2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Annual Review of Pharmacology and Toxicology
Abbreviation	Annu. Rev. Pharmacol. Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	0362-1642
ISSN (online)	1545-4304
Scope	Pharmacology Toxicology