How to format your references using the Antarctic Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Antarctic Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hunter, T. 2013. Retrospective. Tony Pawson (1952-2013). Science (New York, N.Y.), 341, 1078.

A journal article with 2 authors

Tilman, D. & Clark, M. 2014. Global diets link environmental sustainability and human health. Nature, 515, 518–522.

A journal article with 3 authors

Heil, M., Rattke, J. & Boland, W. 2005. Postsecretory hydrolysis of nectar sucrose and specialization in ant/plant mutualism. Science (New York, N.Y.), 308, 560–563.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Bosman, M., Zhang, L., Duan, H., Tan, S.F., Nijhuis, C.A., Qiu, C.-W. & Yang, J.K.W. 2014. Encapsulated annealing: enhancing the plasmon quality factor in lithographically-defined nanostructures. Scientific reports, 4, 5537.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ramamoorti, S., Morrison, D.E., III, Koletar, J.W. & Pope, K.R. 2013. A.B.C.’s of Behavioral Forensics. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Kyte, T. 2014. Expert Oracle Database Architecture: Third Edition. Third Edition. Kuhn, D., ed. Berkeley, CA: Apress, XXXIII, 824 p. 53 illus pp.

A chapter in an edited book

Ciesielski, V., Barile, P. & Trist, K. 2013. Finding Image Features Associated with High Aesthetic Value by Machine Learning. In Machado, P., McDermott, J. & Carballal, A., eds. Evolutionary and Biologically Inspired Music, Sound, Art and Design: Second International Conference, EvoMUSART 2013, Vienna, Austria, April 3-5, 2013. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer, 47–58.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Antarctic Science.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015. Genetics Reveal Antarctica Was Once Too Cold For Penguins. IFLScience Available at: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/genetics-reveal-antarctica-was-once-too-cold-penguins/ [Accessed October 30, 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2002. Export Control: Army Guidance on Cooperative Research and Development Agreement Compliance with Export Control Laws and Regulations (GAO-02-529R). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Maddox, A.L. 2017. Secondary Structure Analysis of the C-Terminus of Gα-Interacting Vesicle Associated Protein Using Circular Dichroism Spectroscopy. Doctoral dissertation, Long Beach, CA: California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rutenberg, J. 2016. News Outlets Wonder Where They Stumbled. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Hunter 2013).
This sentence cites two references (Hunter 2013, Tilman & Clark 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Tilman & Clark 2014)
Three or more authors: (Bosman et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Antarctic Science
Abbreviation	Antarct. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0954-1020
ISSN (online)	1365-2079
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Geology Oceanography