How to format your references using the Antiviral Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Antiviral Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mi, B., 2014. Materials science. Graphene oxide membranes for ionic and molecular sieving. Science 343, 740–742.

A journal article with 2 authors

Myers, M.G., Jr, Olson, D.P., 2012. Central nervous system control of metabolism. Nature 491, 357–363.

A journal article with 3 authors

Kaminski, J.A., Sloutsky, V.M., Heckler, A.F., 2008. Learning theory. The advantage of abstract examples in learning math. Science 320, 454–455.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bechtluft, P., van Leeuwen, R.G.H., Tyreman, M., Tomkiewicz, D., Nouwen, N., Tepper, H.L., Driessen, A.J.M., Tans, S.J., 2007. Direct observation of chaperone-induced changes in a protein folding pathway. Science 318, 1458–1461.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lieberman, J.A., Tasman, A., 2006. Handbook of Psychiatric Drugs. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Ravi, S.S., Shukla, S.K. (Eds.), 2009. Fundamental Problems in Computing: Essays in Honor of Professor Daniel J. Rosenkrantz. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Ospina, N.S., Hurley, D.L., 2016. Primary Hyperparathyroidism and Osteoporosis, in: Kearns, A.E., Wermers, R.A. (Eds.), Hyperparathyroidism: A Clinical Casebook. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 27–36.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Antiviral Research.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2015. How To Light A Candle With Smoke [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/relight-candle-its-smoke-trail/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 2017. High Risk: Actions Needed to Address Serious Weaknesses in Federal Management of Programs Serving Indian Tribes (No. GAO-17-587T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Dubin-Thaler, B.J., 2008. Evidence for hierarchical control of conserved, discrete motility types in crawling motility (Doctoral dissertation). Columbia University, New York, NY.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Eligon, J., 2017. Trauma, and Red Tape, in Las Vegas. New York Times A2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mi, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Mi, 2014; Myers and Olson, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Myers and Olson, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Bechtluft et al., 2007)

About the journal

Full journal title	Antiviral Research
Abbreviation	Antiviral Res.
ISSN (print)	0166-3542
Scope	Virology Pharmacology