How to format your references using the Applied Nursing Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Nursing Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Dickson, B. J. (2002). Molecular mechanisms of axon guidance. Science (New York, N.Y.), 298(5600), 1959–1964.

A journal article with 2 authors

Suarez, R. K., & Jones, D. R. (2002). Obituary: Peter W. Hochachka (1937-2002). Nature, 420(6912), 140.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rojstaczer, S., Sterling, S. M., & Moore, N. J. (2001). Human appropriation of photosynthesis products. Science (New York, N.Y.), 294(5551), 2549–2552.

A journal article with 21 or more authors

Giraldez, A. J., Cinalli, R. M., Glasner, M. E., Enright, A. J., Thomson, J. M., Baskerville, S., Hammond, S. M., Bartel, D. P., & Schier, A. F. (2005). MicroRNAs regulate brain morphogenesis in zebrafish. Science (New York, N.Y.), 308(5723), 833–838.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lacalle, D. (2014). Life in the Financial Markets. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Sirgy, M. J., Phillips, R., & Rahtz, D. (Eds.). (2011). Community Quality-of-Life Indicators: Best Cases V (Vol. 3). Springer Netherlands.

A chapter in an edited book

Bombile, M. (2015). Visual Servoing Based Positioning and Object Tracking on Humanoid Robot. In K. Elleithy & T. Sobh (Eds.), New Trends in Networking, Computing, E-learning, Systems Sciences, and Engineering (pp. 19–27). Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Nursing Research.

Blog post

Fang, J. (2014, December 4). Even Death Doesn’t Stop Geckos From Sticking To The Walls. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/death-will-not-stop-geckos-sticking-walls/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (2006). Offshoring in Six Human Services Programs: Offshoring Occurs in Most States, Primarily in Customer Service and Software Development (GAO-06-342). U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Israel, J. M. (2013). Student Extracurricular Participation, Student Achievement, and School Perception: an Elementary School Perspective [Doctoral dissertation]. Lindenwood University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hollander, S. (2000, May 30). Banks Scores Six Goals As Syracuse Wins Title. New York Times, D6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Dickson, 2002).
This sentence cites two references (Dickson, 2002; Suarez & Jones, 2002).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Suarez & Jones, 2002)
Three or more authors: (Giraldez et al., 2005)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Nursing Research
Abbreviation	Appl. Nurs. Res.
ISSN (print)	0897-1897
Scope	General Nursing