How to format your references using the Applied Soil Ecology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Applied Soil Ecology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Foster, I., 2005. Service-oriented science. Science 308, 814–817.

A journal article with 2 authors

Norris, D.P., Grimes, D.T., 2012. Developmental biology. Cilia discern left from right. Science 338, 206–207.

A journal article with 3 authors

Chandra, P., Coleman, P., Flint, R., 2013. Hastatic order in the heavy-fermion compound URu2Si2. Nature 493, 621–626.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Xu, W., Min, X., Chen, X., Zhu, Y., Zhou, P., Cui, S., Xu, S., Tao, L., Song, H., 2014. Ag-SiO₂-Er₂O₃ nanocomposites: highly effective upconversion luminescence at high power excitation and high temperature. Sci. Rep. 4, 5087.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hornberg, A., 2017. Handbook of Machine and Computer Vision. Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim, Germany.

An edited book

Morgan, F., Tynan, D. (Eds.), 2015. Robotic Sailing 2014: Proceedings of the 7th International Robotic Sailing Conference. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Ao, S.-I., 2009. Hybrid Intelligent Regressions with Neural Network and Fuzzy Clustering, in: Ao, S.-I., Rieger, B., Chen, S.-S. (Eds.), Advances in Computational Algorithms and Data Analysis, Lecture Notes in Electrical Engineering. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht, pp. 65–74.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Applied Soil Ecology.

Blog post

Davis, J., 2016. New Orleans Is In Big Trouble [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/environment/some-regions-new-orleans-found-be-sinking-five-centimeters-year/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1992. Aviation Safety: Progress on FAA Safety Indicators Program Slow and Challenges Remain (No. IMTEC-92-57). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Williams, C., 2013. It’s not a beauty pageant!: An examination of leadership development through Alaska native pageants (Doctoral dissertation). University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Quain, J.R., 2017. Self-Driving Cars Might Need Standards, but Whose? New York Times B4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Foster, 2005).
This sentence cites two references (Foster, 2005; Norris and Grimes, 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Norris and Grimes, 2012)
Three or more authors: (Xu et al., 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Applied Soil Ecology
Abbreviation	Appl. Soil Ecol.
ISSN (print)	0929-1393
Scope	Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) Soil Science Ecology