How to format your references using the Aquatic Biology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Aquatic Biology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zaanen J (2000) High-temperature superconductivity. Stripes defeat the Fermi liquid. Nature 404:714–715.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schlein Y, Jacobson RL (2001) Hunger tolerance and Leishmania in sandflies. Nature 414:168.

A journal article with 3 authors

Winkler W, Nahvi A, Breaker RR (2002) Thiamine derivatives bind messenger RNAs directly to regulate bacterial gene expression. Nature 419:952–956.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Lotze HK, Lenihan HS, Bourque BJ, Bradbury RH, Cooke RG, Kay MC, Kidwell SM, Kirby MX, Peterson CH, Jackson JBC (2006) Depletion, degradation, and recovery potential of estuaries and coastal seas. Science 312:1806–1809.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Pick JB (2012) Geo-Business GIS in the Digital Organization. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Liu T-Y, Scollon CN, Zhu W (eds) (2015) Social Informatics: 7th International Conference, SocInfo 2015, Beijing, China, December 9-12, 2015, Proceedings. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Seidl M, Scholz M, Huemer C, Kappel G (2015) The State Machine Diagram. In: UML @ Classroom: An Introduction to Object-Oriented Modeling. Undergraduate Topics in Computer Science, Scholz M, Huemer C, Kappel G (eds) Springer International Publishing, Cham, p 85–106

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Aquatic Biology.

Blog post

Fang J (2014) Earth-like Volcanism Occurred in the Early Solar System. (accessed 30 October 2018)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (1994) Alternative-Fueled Vehicles: Progress Made in Accelerating Federal Purchases, but Benefits and Costs Remain Uncertain. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Berkowitz AE (2015) Finding a Place for ‘Cacega Ayuwipi’ within the Structure of American Indian Music and Dance Traditions. Doctoral dissertation, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Hodara S (2016) Front Porches and Easy Strolls. New York Times:RE8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Zaanen 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Zaanen 2000, Schlein & Jacobson 2001).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Schlein & Jacobson 2001)
Three or more authors: (Lotze et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Aquatic Biology
Abbreviation	Aquat. Biol.
ISSN (print)	1864-7782
ISSN (online)	1864-7790
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Oceanography Ecology