How to format your references using the Aquatic Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Aquatic Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P (2003) In Franklin’s footsteps. Nature 422:643

A journal article with 2 authors

Fujiwara M, Caswell H (2001) Demography of the endangered North Atlantic right whale. Nature 414:537–541

A journal article with 3 authors

Pinker RT, Zhang B, Dutton EG (2005) Do satellites detect trends in surface solar radiation? Science 308:850–854

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Caccia M, Tabandeh-Khorshid M, Itskos G, et al (2018) Ceramic-metal composites for heat exchangers in concentrated solar power plants. Nature 562:406–409

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schober H (2015) Transparent Shells. Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany

An edited book

Hermann M (2016) Nonlinear Ordinary Differential Equations: Analytical Approximation and Numerical Methods. Springer India, New Delhi

A chapter in an edited book

Yao S-S, Huang N-J (2015) Nonconvex Variational Inequalities. In: Han W, Migórski S, Sofonea M (eds) Advances in Variational and Hemivariational Inequalities: Theory, Numerical Analysis, and Applications. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp 89–108

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Aquatic Sciences.

Blog post

Andrews R (2016) One Simple Act To Stop Climate Change In Its Tracks – Vote. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/one-simple-act-to-stop-climate-change-in-its-tracks-vote/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2006) Highway Finance: States’ Expanding Use of Tolling Illustrates Diverse Challenges and Strategies. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zehnder DW (2003) Host-[2]Rotaxane: A Novel Molecular Machine. Doctoral dissertation, University of Cincinnati

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Oestreich JR (2016) Fond Paean Kicks Off a High-Profile Run. New York Times C2

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Smaglik 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Fujiwara and Caswell 2001; Smaglik 2003).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Fujiwara and Caswell 2001)
Three or more authors: (Caccia et al. 2018)

About the journal

Full journal title	Aquatic Sciences
Abbreviation	Aquat. Sci.
ISSN (print)	1015-1621
ISSN (online)	1420-9055
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Ecology Water Science and Technology