How to format your references using the Aquatic Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Aquatic Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schimpf, D., 2000. A benefit of being big. Science 290, 453c.

A journal article with 2 authors

Zhou, Z., Bai, Y., 2007. Structural biology: analysis of protein-folding cooperativity. Nature 445, E16-7; discussion E17-8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Reichardt, B.W., Unger, F., Vazirani, U., 2013. Classical command of quantum systems. Nature 496, 456–460.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Bisgaard, C.Z., Clarkin, O.J., Wu, G., Lee, A.M.D., Gessner, O., Hayden, C.C., Stolow, A., 2009. Time-resolved molecular frame dynamics of fixed-in-space CS2 molecules. Science 323, 1464–1468.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zhao, G., 2017. Reuse and Recycling of Lithium-Ion Power Batteries. John Wiley & Sons Singapore Pte. Ltd, Singapore.

An edited book

Cezon, M., Wolfsthal, Y. (Eds.), 2011. Towards a Service-Based Internet. ServiceWave 2010 Workshops: International Workshops, OCS, EMSOA, SMART, and EDBPM 2010, Ghent, Belgium, December 13-15, 2010, Revised Selected Papers, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Dechant, P.-P., 2016. A 3D Spinorial View of 4D Exceptional Phenomena, in: Širáň, J., Jajcay, R. (Eds.), Symmetries in Graphs, Maps, and Polytopes: 5th SIGMAP Workshop, West Malvern, UK, July 2014, Springer Proceedings in Mathematics & Statistics. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 81–95.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Aquatic Toxicology.

Blog post

Andrew, E., 2014. Scientists Discover A Novel Mechanism Of Action Of Cannabidiol Against Lung Cancer Cells [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-discover-novel-mechanism-action-cannabidiol-against-lung-cancer-cells/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office, 1984. Corporation for Public Broadcasting’s Oversight of National Public Radio (No. AFMD-84-44). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Gade, S., 2017. Design and Implementation of Hybrid Hyperchaotic Sequences for Chaos-Based Communication Systems (Doctoral dissertation). California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Cooper, M., 2017. Met Opera Numbers Inch Up. New York Times C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Schimpf, 2000).
This sentence cites two references (Schimpf, 2000; Zhou and Bai, 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Zhou and Bai, 2007)
Three or more authors: (Bisgaard et al., 2009)

About the journal

Full journal title	Aquatic Toxicology
Abbreviation	Aquat. Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	0166-445X
Scope	Aquatic Science Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis