How to format your references using the Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

McKee CF. Astronomy. Let there be dust. Science. 2011;333(6047):1227-1228.

A journal article with 2 authors

Schramke V, Allshire R. Hairpin RNAs and retrotransposon LTRs effect RNAi and chromatin-based gene silencing. Science. 2003;301(5636):1069-1074.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rohani P, Zhong X, King AA. Contact network structure explains the changing epidemiology of pertussis. Science. 2010;330(6006):982-985.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Kiel MJ, He S, Ashkenazi R, et al. Haematopoietic stem cells do not asymmetrically segregate chromosomes or retain BrdU. Nature. 2007;449(7159):238-242.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hu W. Fundamental Spacecraft Dynamics and Control. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2015.

An edited book

Torre R, ed. Time-Resolved Spectroscopy in Complex Liquids: An Experimental Perspective. Springer US; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Abdalla M, Vie JJ. Leakage-Resilient Spatial Encryption. In: Hevia A, Neven G, eds. Progress in Cryptology – LATINCRYPT 2012: 2nd International Conference on Cryptology and Information Security in Latin America, Santiago, Chile, October 7-10, 2012. Proceedings. Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer; 2012:78-99.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery.

Blog post

Andrews R. Scientists Build Working Heart Tissue Out Of Spinach Leaves. IFLScience. March 27, 2017. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-build-working-heart-tissue-out-of-spinach-leaves/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Federal Aviation Administration: Preliminary Observations of Potential Air Traffic Control Restructuring Transition Issues. U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lotrecchiano GR. Social Mechanisms of Team Science: A Descriptive Case Study Using a Multilevel Systems Perspective Employing Reciprocating Structuration Theory. Doctoral dissertation. George Washington University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

St. John Kelly E. Springer’s Harvest. New York Times. April 27, 1998:D10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Archives of Facial Plastic Surgery
Abbreviation	Arch. Facial Plast. Surg.
ISSN (print)	1521-2491
ISSN (online)	1538-3660
Scope	General Medicine Surgery