How to format your references using the Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research (AAAR). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Zender, L. 2014: Cancer: interference identifies immune modulators. Nature, 506: 39–40.

A journal article with 2 authors

Xavier, R. J., and Podolsky, D. K. 2007: Unravelling the pathogenesis of inflammatory bowel disease. Nature, 448: 427–434.

A journal article with 3 authors

Mills, C. E., Robins, J. M., and Lipsitch, M. 2004: Transmissibility of 1918 pandemic influenza. Nature, 432: 904–906.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Dobrowsky, T. M., Rabi, S. A., Nedellec, R., Daniels, B. R., Mullins, J. I., Mosier, D. E., … Wirtz, D. 2013: Adhesion and fusion efficiencies of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) surface proteins. Scientific Reports, 3: 3014.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Lachin, J. M. 2010: Biostatistical Methods: The Assessment of Relative Risks. Hoboken, NJ:, John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Willerson, J. T., and Holmes, D. R., Jr. (Eds.). 2015: Coronary Artery Disease. London:, Springer, XIV, 783 p. 464 illus., 277 illus. in color pp.

A chapter in an edited book

Kok, L. J. J., Poston, K., and Moore, G. 2011: Bombardier Aerospace FSW Demonstrator. In J. Komorowski (ed.), ICAF 2011 Structural Integrity: Influence of Efficiency and Green Imperatives: Proceedings of the 26th Symposium of the International Committee on Aeronautical Fatigue, Montreal, Canada, 1-3 June 2011. Dordrecht:, Springer Netherlands, pp. 73–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research.

Blog post

Luntz, S. 2015, August 8: Study Finds That The More Beautiful Your Home Is, The Less Likely You Are To Be Religiousaccessed 30 October 2018, <https://www.iflscience.com/brain/why-do-non-religious-americans-live-more-beautiful-places/>.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1971: Contract With Education, Training, and Research Sciences Corporation for Processing Applications To Serve in the VISTA Program (No. B-164031(1)). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kane, B. H. 2017: A Qualitative Exploratory Inquiry of Communicating in a Multigenerational Traditional-Rational Organization (Doctoral dissertation). University of Phoenix, Phoenix, AZ.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gustines, G. G. 2010, October 5: The Joker in the Deck: Birth of a Supervillain. New York Times, p. C2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Zender, 2014).
This sentence cites two references (Xavier and Podolsky, 2007; Zender, 2014).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Xavier and Podolsky, 2007)
Three authors: (Mills, Robins, and Lipsitch, 2004)
6 or more authors: (Dobrowsky et al., 2013)

About the journal

Full journal title	Arctic, Antarctic, and Alpine Research
Abbreviation	Arct. Antarct. Alp. Res.
ISSN (print)	1523-0430
ISSN (online)	1938-4246
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Earth-Surface Processes Global and Planetary Change