How to format your references using the Asia Pacific Business Review citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Asia Pacific Business Review. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Weinberg, Steven. 2003. “Scientist: Four Golden Lessons.” Nature 426 (6965): 389.

A journal article with 2 authors

Yang, Zu-Guo, and Chun-Ting Zhang. 2013. “A Proposal for a Novel Impact Factor as an Alternative to the JCR Impact Factor.” Scientific Reports 3 (December 2013): 3410.

A journal article with 3 authors

Sakuno, Takeshi, Kenji Tada, and Yoshinori Watanabe. 2009. “Kinetochore Geometry Defined by Cohesion within the Centromere.” Nature 458 (7240): 852–858.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Houghton, R. A., D. L. Skole, C. A. Nobre, J. L. Hackler, K. T. Lawrence, and W. H. Chomentowski. 2000. “Annual Fluxes of Carbon from Deforestation and Regrowth in the Brazilian Amazon.” Nature 403 (6767): 301–304.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Schober, Hans. 2015. Transparent Shells. Berlin, Germany: Wilhelm Ernst & Sohn, Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG.

An edited book

Sansour, Carlo, and Sebastian Skatulla, eds. 2012. Generalized Continua and Dislocation Theory: Theoretical Concepts, Computational Methods and Experimental Verification. Vol. 537. CISM Courses and Lectures. Vienna: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Zhou, Haibo, Lin Gui, Quan Yu, and Xuemin Shen. 2015. “Conclusion and Future Research Directions.” In Cooperative Vehicular Communications in the Drive-Thru Internet, edited by Lin Gui, Quan Yu, and Xuemin (sherman) Shen, 71–75. SpringerBriefs in Electrical and Computer Engineering. Cham: Springer International Publishing.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Asia Pacific Business Review.

Blog post

Hamilton, Kristy. 2016. “The Maths Behind “Impossible’ Never-Repeating Patterns.” IFLScience, IFLScience, August 12. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/the-maths-behind-impossible-never-repeating-patterns/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1979. GAO’s Need for an Interim Management Data System (MDS). B-161744. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Stefanek, Andrew. 2019. “Quantitative Purchasing Structure for Ferrous Scrap.” Doctoral dissertation, George Washington University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Grynbaum, Michael M., and Emily Steel. 2017. “Hannity Defends Fox News Leader.” New York Times, April 28, 2017.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Weinberg 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Weinberg 2003; Yang and Zhang 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Yang and Zhang 2013)
Three authors: (Sakuno, Tada, and Watanabe 2009)
4 or more authors: (Houghton et al. 2000)

About the journal

Full journal title	Asia Pacific Business Review
Abbreviation	Asia Pac. Bus. Rev.
ISSN (print)	1360-2381
ISSN (online)	1743-792X
Scope	Business and International Management