How to format your references using the Asian Journal of Anesthesiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Asian Journal of Anesthesiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Lea DW. Paleoclimate. The glacial tropical Pacific--not just a west side story. Science. 2002;297(5579):202-203.

A journal article with 2 authors

Göpfert MC, Robert D. Biomechanics. Turning the key on Drosophila audition. Nature. 2001;411(6840):908.

A journal article with 3 authors

Bannani A, Bobisch C, Möller R. Ballistic electron microscopy of individual molecules. Science. 2007;315(5820):1824-1828.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Chen G, Ren JG, Zhang W, et al. Disorganized vascular structures in sporadic venous malformations: a possible correlation with balancing effect between Tie2 and TGF-β. Sci Rep. 2014;4:5457.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Center for Chemical Process Safety. Guidelines for Safe Process Operations and Maintenance. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 1995.

An edited book

Di Natale M. Understanding and Using the Controller Area Network Communication Protocol: Theory and Practice. (Zeng H, Giusto P, Ghosal A, eds.). Springer; 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

Chen A. Pre-transplant Evaluation. In: Maziarz RT, Slater S, eds. Blood and Marrow Transplant Handbook: Comprehensive Guide for Patient Care. Springer; 2011:27-37.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Asian Journal of Anesthesiology.

Blog post

Luntz S. Not Aliens, But “Megastructure Star” Keeps Getting Stranger. IFLScience. August 8, 2016. Accessed October 30, 2018. https://www.iflscience.com/space/not-aliens-but-megastructure-star-keeps-getting-stranger/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. DOD Dependents Schools: Cost Issues Associated With the Special Education Program. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1996.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Visweswaran K. Face Recognition Technique for Blurred/Unclear Images. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Rosenberg E, Southall A. De Blasio Calls Police Shooting ‘Unacceptable.’ New York Times. October 19, 2016:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Asian Journal of Anesthesiology
ISSN (print)	2468-824X
Scope