How to format your references using the Asian Journal of Criminology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Asian Journal of Criminology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Nelson, P. C. (2012). Biochemistry. Spare the (elastic) rod. Science (New York, N.Y.), 337(6098), 1045–1046.

A journal article with 2 authors

Prins, G., & Rayner, S. (2007). Time to ditch Kyoto. Nature, 449(7165), 973–975.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hay Burgess, D. C., Wasserman, J., & Dahl, C. A. (2006). Global health diagnostics. Nature, 444 Suppl 1, 1–2.

A journal article with 8 or more authors

Gao, R., Cui, Y., Liu, X., & Wang, L. (2014). Multifunctional interface modification of energy relay dye in quasi-solid dye-sensitized solar cells. Scientific reports, 4, 5570.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

O’Hara, B. T., & Malisow, B. (2017). CCSP® (ISC) 2® Certified Cloud Security Professional Official Study Guide. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

An edited book

Pokorski, M. (Ed.). (2016). Respiratory Medicine and Science (1st ed. 2016., Vol. 910). Cham: Springer International Publishing.

A chapter in an edited book

Fukui, A., Funamizu, A., Fuchinoue, K., Kamoi, M., Taima, A., Fukuhara, R., & Mizunuma, H. (2016). Functional Role of Uterine Natural Killer Cells. In H. Kanzaki (Ed.), Uterine Endometrial Function (pp. 61–81). Tokyo: Springer Japan.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Asian Journal of Criminology.

Blog post

Evans, K. (2017, March 15). Documentary Reveals 90% of Minke Whales Hunted By Norway Are Female And Pregnant. IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/documentary-reveals-90-of-minke-whales-hunted-by-norway-are-female-and-pregnant/. Accessed 30 October 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. (1989). Training Programs: Information on Fiscal Years 1989 and 1990 Appropriations (No. HRD-89-71FS). Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Smith, A. P. (2013). The Leadership Potential of School Librarians (Doctoral dissertation). George Washington University, Washington, DC.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Burghardt, L. F. (2005, November 20). Climbing the Walls Beats Cabin Fever. New York Times, p. 14LI16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Nelson 2012).
This sentence cites two references (Nelson 2012; Prins and Rayner 2007).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Prins and Rayner 2007)
Three or more authors: (Gao et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Asian Journal of Criminology
Abbreviation	Asian J. Criminol.
ISSN (print)	1871-0131
ISSN (online)	1871-014X
Scope	Law