How to format your references using the Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine (APJTB). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Brumfiel G. Quantum leap of faith. Nature 2007;446(7133):245.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Curtis TP, Sloan WT. Microbiology. Exploring microbial diversity--a vast below. Science 2005;309(5739):1331–1333.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Bánsági T Jr, Vanag VK, Epstein IR. Tomography of reaction-diffusion microemulsions reveals three-dimensional Turing patterns. Science 2011;331(6022):1309–1312.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Li L, Liang J, Chou S-Y, Zhu X, Niu X, ZhibinYu, et al. A solution processed flexible nanocomposite electrode with efficient light extraction for organic light emitting diodes. Sci Rep 2014;4:4307.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Prutchi D, Prutchi SR. Exploring Quantum Physics Through Hands-On Projects. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2012.

An edited book

[1]

Anderson SC. Mutual Funds: Fifty Years of Research Findings. Springer US: Boston, MA, 2005.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Baignères T, Vaudenay S. Proving the Security of AES Substitution-Permutation Network. In: Preneel B, Tavares S, editors. Selected Areas in Cryptography: 12th International Workshop, SAC 2005, Kingston, ON, Canada, August 11-12, 2005, Revised Selected Papers. Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg, 2006: 65–81.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine.

Blog post

[1]

Hale T. Objects Chucked Down A 300-Year-Old Toilet Give A Timeline Of American History. IFLScience. 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/objects-chucked-down-a-300yearold-toilet-give-a-timeline-of-american-history/ (accessed 30 Oct 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. NASA: Major Management Challenges and Program Risks. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 2003.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Hidalgo F. Light of Hope Recuperative Care Center, LLC: A Business Plan. 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Barron J. In East Hampton, an Airport Is Viewed as a Roaring, Round-the-Clock Nuisance. New York Times. 2017;:A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Biomedicine
Abbreviation	Asian Pac. J. Trop. Biomed.
ISSN (print)	2221-1691
Scope	Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology (miscellaneous)