How to format your references using the Austral Ecology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Austral Ecology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Mesot J. (2006) Applied physics. The neutron spin-echo technique at full strength. Science 312 , 1888–1889.

A journal article with 2 authors

Taylor P. G. & Townsend A. R. (2010) Stoichiometric control of organic carbon-nitrate relationships from soils to the sea. Nature 464 , 1178–1181.

A journal article with 3 authors

Zhao J., Murray S. & Lipuma J. J. (2014) Modeling the impact of antibiotic exposure on human microbiota. Sci. Rep.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Coluzzi M., Sabatini A., della Torre A., Di Deco M. A. & Petrarca V. (2002) A polytene chromosome analysis of the Anopheles gambiae species complex. Science 298 , 1415–1418.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

O’Kelly M. & Ratitch B. (2014) Clinical Trials with Missing Data. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Amadio R. ed (2008) Foundations of Software Science and Computational Structures: 11th International Conference, FOSSACS 2008, Held as Part of the Joint European Conferences on Theory and Practice of Software, ETAPS 2008, Budapest, Hungary, March 29 - April 6, 2008. Proceedings. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Yun G. & Zhao L. (2016) Stochastic Discrete Damage Simulations of Laminate Composites. In: Fracture, Fatigue, Failure and Damage Evolution, Volume 8: Proceedings of the 2015 Annual Conference on Experimental and Applied Mechanics (eds A. M. Beese, A. T. Zehnder, & S. Xia) Conference Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Mechanics Series. pp. 35–43 Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Austral Ecology.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. (2017) This Is The Maximum Number Of Planets You Can Have In A Solar System Like Ours. IFLScience. [online]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/this-is-the-maximum-number-of-planets-you-can-have-in-a-solar-system-like-ours/ [Accessed October 30, 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2007) Highlights of a GAO Forum: Global Competitiveness: Implications for the Nation’s Higher Education System. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Malekian A. (2009) Combinatorial problems in online advertising. Doctoral dissertation. University of Maryland, College Park, College Park, MD.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Baker P. & Gordon M. R. (2013) Kerry Becomes Chief Advocate For U.S. Attack. New York Times, A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Mesot 2006).
This sentence cites two references (Mesot 2006; Taylor and Townsend 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Taylor and Townsend 2010)
Three or more authors: (Coluzzi et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Austral Ecology
Abbreviation	Austral Ecol.
ISSN (print)	1442-9985
ISSN (online)	1442-9993
Scope	General Agricultural and Biological Sciences Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics Plant Science