How to format your references using the Australian Dental Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Australian Dental Journal (ADJ). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Blaxter M. Genetics. Revealing the dark matter of the genome. Science 2010;330:1758–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Koch SW, Knorr A. Applied physics. Optics in the nano-world. Science 2001;293:2217–8.

A journal article with 3 authors

Heiling AM, Herberstein ME, Chittka L. Pollinator attraction: Crab-spiders manipulate flower signals. Nature 2003;421:334.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Paris F, Fuks Z, Kang A, Capodieci P, Juan G, Ehleiter D, et al. Endothelial apoptosis as the primary lesion initiating intestinal radiation damage in mice. Science 2001;293:293–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stoop I, Billiet J, Koch A, Fitzgerald R. Improving Survey Response. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2010.

An edited book

Mitsikostas DD, Paemeleire K, eds. Pharmacological Management of Headaches. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. (Headache).

A chapter in an edited book

Barker R, Kasim T. Integrated Reporting: Precursor of a Paradigm Shift in Corporate Reporting? In: Mio C, ed. Integrated Reporting: A New Accounting Disclosure. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK; 2016:81–108.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Australian Dental Journal.

Blog post

Fang J. When Birds Lost Their Teeth [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2014 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/when-birds-lost-their-teeth/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Air Traffic Control: Immature Software Acquisition Processes Increase FAA System Acquisition Risks. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997 Mar. Report No.: AIMD-97-47.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Kaplan CM. Understanding the Anxiolytic Effects of Alcohol on the Central Extended Amygdala in Humans [Doctoral dissertation]. [College Park, MD]: University of Maryland, College Park; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Powell K. He’s Got It From Here. New York Times. 2017;M296.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Australian Dental Journal
ISSN (print)	0045-0421
ISSN (online)	1834-7819
Scope