How to format your references using the Australian Orthoptic Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Australian Orthoptic Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Humayun M. Planetary science. A unique piece of Mars. Science. 2013 Feb 15;339(6121):771–2.

A journal article with 2 authors

Field CB, Barros VR. CLIMATE CHANGE. Added value from IPCC approval sessions. Science. 2015 Oct 2;350(6256):36.

A journal article with 3 authors

Tenenbaum JB, de Silva V, Langford JC. A global geometric framework for nonlinear dimensionality reduction. Science. 2000 Dec 22;290(5500):2319–23.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Russell CT, Zhang TL, Delva M, Magnes W, Strangeway RJ, Wei HY. Lightning on Venus inferred from whistler-mode waves in the ionosphere. Nature. 2007 Nov 29;450(7170):661–2.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kenny T. The Nuts and Bolts of Implantable Device Therapy Pacemakers. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2014.

An edited book

Cristiani E. Multiscale Modeling of Pedestrian Dynamics. Piccoli B, Tosin A, editors. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2014. XVI, 260 p. 62 illus., 45 illus. in color. (MS&A, Modeling, Simulation and Applications; vol. 12).

A chapter in an edited book

Chien JT. Topic Modeling for Speech and Language Processing. In: Peters GW, Matsui T, editors. Modern Methodology and Applications in Spatial-Temporal Modeling. Tokyo: Springer Japan; 2015. p. 87–111. (SpringerBriefs in Statistics).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Australian Orthoptic Journal.

Blog post

Hale T. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. This 104-Year-Old Cyclist Is Beating The Science Of Aging. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/this-104yearold-cyclist-is-beating-the-science-of-aging/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Next Generation Air Transportation System: FAA Has Made Some Progress in Implementation, but Delays Threaten to Impact Costs and Benefits. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2011 Oct. Report No.: GAO-12-141T.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Luvani KD. AIRtouch: An Intelligent Virtual Keyboard [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Johnson G. Unearthing Prehistoric Tumors, and Debate. New York Times. 2010 Dec 28;D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Australian Orthoptic Journal
ISSN (print)	0814-0936
Scope