How to format your references using the Bioelectronics in Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Bioelectronics in Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Hoelzel AR. CONSERVATION. Can DNA foil the poachers? Science 349(6243), 34–35 (2015).

A journal article with 2 authors

Oppenheim J, Wehner S. The uncertainty principle determines the nonlocality of quantum mechanics. Science 330(6007), 1072–1074 (2010).

A journal article with 3 authors

Takahashi Y, Sipp D, Enomoto H. Tissue interactions in neural crest cell development and disease. Science 341(6148), 860–863 (2013).

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Todorov A, Mandisodza AN, Goren A, Hall CC. Inferences of competence from faces predict election outcomes. Science 308(5728), 1623–1626 (2005).

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Baldwin P. OSx86. Wiley Publishing, Inc., Indianapolis, IN, USA (2010).

An edited book

S M, Kumar SS (Eds.). Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Signal and Image Processing 2012 (ICSIP 2012): Volume 1. (Volume 221). Springer India, New Delhi (2013).

A chapter in an edited book

Boller T. Experimental Evidence of a Role for RLKs in Innate Immunity. In: Receptor-like Kinases in Plants: From Development to Defense. Tax F, Kemmerling B (Ed.), Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 67–77 (2012).

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Bioelectronics in Medicine.

Blog post

Andrews R. ‘Cats Murder More Than 80 Different Species Of American Birds And Mammals’ (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/cats-murder-80-different-species-american-birds-mammals/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. International Space Station: Measurable Performance Targets and Documentation Needed to Better Assess Management of National Laboratory, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, (2015).

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Fortenbery NR. Doctoral dissertation, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL, (2012).

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Johnson K. From Iraq to Oregon, a Global Lotto Jackpot, (2015).

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [2].
This sentence cites two references [2,4].
This sentence cites four references [2,4,6,8].

About the journal

Full journal title	Bioelectronics in Medicine
ISSN (print)	2059-1500
ISSN (online)	2059-1519
Scope