How to format your references using the Biology and Fertility of Soils citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biology and Fertility of Soils. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Russo E (2003) Success in an uneven market. Nature 424:597

A journal article with 2 authors

Gray GM, Cohen JT (2012) Policy: Rethink chemical risk assessments. Nature 489:27–28

A journal article with 3 authors

Brown MS, Ye J, Goldstein JL (2010) Medicine. HDL miR-ed down by SREBP introns. Science 328:1495–1496

A journal article with 5 or more authors

Dolling G, Enkrich C, Wegener M, et al (2006) Simultaneous negative phase and group velocity of light in a metamaterial. Science 312:892–894

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kimberlin L, zur Linden A, Ruoff L (2016) Atlas of Clinical Imaging and Anatomy of the Equine Head. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ

An edited book

Molinari E (2010) Psicologia clinica del dolore. Springer, Milano

A chapter in an edited book

Raj B, Venkatraman B (2013) Overview of Diagnostics and Monitoring Methods and Techniques. In: Czichos H (ed) Handbook of Technical Diagnostics: Fundamentals and Application to Structures and Systems. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, pp 43–68

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biology and Fertility of Soils.

Blog post

Andrews R (2015) Sweden Plans To Become World’s First Fossil Fuel-Free Nation. In: IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/sweden-combats-climate-change-aiming-be-fossil-fuel-free-nation/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2007) Commercial Aviation: Potential Safety and Capacity Issues Associated with the Introduction of the New A380 Aircraft. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Pecue CJ (2015) Utilizing Audiovisual Stimuli in the Classroom to Facilitate Pronunciation of French Stop Consonants. Doctoral dissertation, Southern Illinois University

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Reinhart MK (2010) Kathryn Bertine and George Varhola Jr. New York Times ST14

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Russo 2003).
This sentence cites two references (Russo 2003; Gray and Cohen 2012).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Gray and Cohen 2012)
Three or more authors: (Dolling et al. 2006)

About the journal

Full journal title	Biology and Fertility of Soils
Abbreviation	Biol. Fertil. Soils
ISSN (print)	0178-2762
ISSN (online)	1432-0789
Scope	Agronomy and Crop Science Soil Science Microbiology