How to format your references using the BioMedicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BioMedicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Nogrady B. Neurobiology: life beyond the pain. Nature 2014;515:S8-9.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

van’t Veer LJ, Bernards R. Enabling personalized cancer medicine through analysis of gene-expression patterns. Nature 2008;452:564–70.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Cerritelli SM, Chon H, Crouch RJ. Molecular biology. A new twist for topoisomerase. Science 2011;332:1510–1.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Fiebig M, Lottermoser T, Fröhlich D, Goltsev AV, Pisarev RV. Observation of coupled magnetic and electric domains. Nature 2002;419:818–20.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Ketring KL, Glaze MB. Atlas of Feline Ophthalmology. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.; 2012.

An edited book

[1]

Nirenberg L, editor. Pseudo-differential Operators. vol. 47. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Plociniczak H, Eisenbach S. JErlang: Erlang with Joins. In: Clarke D, Agha G, editors. Coordination Models and Languages: 12th International Conference, COORDINATION 2010, Amsterdam, The Netherlands, June 7-9, 2010. Proceedings, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010, p. 61–75.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BioMedicine.

Blog post

[1]

Carpineti A. UK Artists and Scientists Launch Space Junk Awareness Project. IFLScience 2016. https://www.iflscience.com/space/uk-artists-and-scientists-launch-space-junk-awareness-project/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Acquisition of Automatic Data Processing Equipment. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1976.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Crooks RH. Analysis Of The XY Spin 1/2 Model In Staggered Field And Networks Of D-Wave Josephson Junctions. Doctoral dissertation. University of North Carolina, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Hyduk J. Looking Back (Sigh) at the End (Sigh) of a Great Season (Sigh). New York Times 2016:D4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	BioMedicine
ISSN (print)	2211-8020
Scope