How to format your references using the Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering (BBE). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Loder, N. (2000) UK discussed ban on foreign job ads in 1960s. Nature 403: 121.

A journal article with 2 authors

Della Valle, M., and R. Gilmozzi (2002) Rebirth of novae as distance indicators due to efficient, large telescopes. Science 296: 1275.

A journal article with 3 authors

Davies, P.C.W., T.M. Davis, and C.H. Lineweaver (2002) Black holes constrain varying constants. Nature 418: 602–603.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Dyer, A.G., H.M. Whitney, S.E.J. Arnold, B.J. Glover, and L. Chittka (2006) Behavioural ecology: bees associate warmth with floral colour. Nature 442: 525.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Ramirez, J. (2007) Accounting for Derivatives. John Wiley & Sons Ltd, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Vega, M.C., ed. (2016) Advanced Technologies for Protein Complex Production and Characterization. 896, Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Rodríguez-Sánchez, A.J., and J. Piater (2014) Models of the Visual Cortex for Object Representation: Learning and Wired Approaches. pp. 51–62. In: Grandinetti, L., Lippert, T., and Petkov, N. (eds.). Brain-Inspired Computing: International Workshop, BrainComp 2013, Cetraro, Italy, July 8-11, 2013, Revised Selected Papers. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering.

Blog post

Hamilton, K. (2016) What Is The Absolute Limit For Human Athletes? Here’s The Science... IFLScience. [Online]. Available: https://www.iflscience.com/editors-blog/what-is-the-absolute-limit-for-human-athletes-heres-the-science/. [Accessed: 30-Oct-2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office (2008) Unmanned Aircraft Systems: Federal Actions Needed to Ensure Safety and Expand Their Potential Uses within the National Airspace System. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Chavez, G. (2017) Creating Integrated, Inquiry Science Lessons Based on Early Childhood Science Activities. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Dorman, J.L. (2017) Art Deco Comfort by the French QuarterNew York Times, TR4.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering
ISSN (print)	1226-8372
ISSN (online)	1976-3816
Scope