How to format your references using the Blood Purification citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Blood Purification. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Smaglik P. Tale of two surveys. Nature. 2005 Mar;434(7032):539.

A journal article with 2 authors

Adam D, Butler D. Comet mission hangs in the balance. Nature. 2003 Jan;421(6919):102.

A journal article with 3 authors

Singh SK, Yamashita A, Gouaux E. Antidepressant binding site in a bacterial homologue of neurotransmitter transporters. Nature. 2007 Aug;448(7156):952–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Onodera R, Motoyama K, Okamatsu A, Higashi T, Arima H. Potential use of folate-appended methyl-β-cyclodextrin as an anticancer agent. Sci Rep. 2013 Jan;3:1104.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Räisänen V. Service Modelling. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

Rousseau C. Mathématiques et Technologie. New York, NY: Springer; 2009.

A chapter in an edited book

Wolf B, Friedrich P, Clauss J, Scholz A. Telematic Medical Systems for Individualized and Personalized Assistance. In: Dössel O, Schlegel WC, editors. World Congress on Medical Physics and Biomedical Engineering, September 7 - 12, 2009, Munich, Germany: Vol. 25/5 Information and Communication in Medicine, Telemedicine and e-Health. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2009; pp 13–6.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Blood Purification.

Blog post

Andrew E. Upcoming Battery Will Charge Phones And Electric Cars in Minutes [Internet]. IFLScience. 2014 Oct

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Handling of Bid Protests Involving Automatic Data Processing Equipment Procurements. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1977.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Urshel CL. The Technical Adequacy of Standards-Derived Curriculum-Based Measures for Reading Comprehension and Math Computation in Middle School. 2006

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S. Russia: Jehovah’s Witness Acquitted of Incitement. New York Times. 2011 Apr;A11.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Blood Purification
Abbreviation	Blood Purif.
ISSN (print)	0253-5068
ISSN (online)	1421-9735
Scope	General Medicine Hematology Nephrology