How to format your references using the BMC Endocrine Disorders citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for BMC Endocrine Disorders. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Gwynne P. Diagnostics: The new risk predictors. Nature. 2013;493:S7-8.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Lynd LR, Woods J. Perspective: A new hope for Africa. Nature. 2011;474:S20-1.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Mang PK, Larochelle S, Greven M. Condensed-matter physics: spurious magnetism in high-T(c) superconductor. Nature. 2003;426:139–40; discussion 140.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Kanungo M, Lu H, Malliaras GG, Blanchet GB. Suppression of metallic conductivity of single-walled carbon nanotubes by cycloaddition reactions. Science. 2009;323:234–7.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Grant G. The Water Sensitive City. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2016.

An edited book

1. Abdullah MA, Yahya WK, Ramli N, Mohamed SR, Ahmad BE, editors. Regional Conference on Science, Technology and Social Sciences (RCSTSS 2014): Business and Social Sciences. Singapore: Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Qiao Y, Fallon E, Murphy L, Murphy J, Hanley A, Zhu X, et al. SCTP Performance Issue on Path Delay Differential. In: Boavida F, Monteiro E, Mascolo S, Koucheryavy Y, editors. Wired/Wireless Internet Communications: 5th International Conference, WWIC 2007, Coimbra, Portugal, May 23-25, 2007. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2007. p. 43–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for BMC Endocrine Disorders.

Blog post

1. Hale T. Germany, Denmark, And Belgium Unite To Increase EU’s Wind Power By 500 Percent. IFLScience. 2017. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/germany-denmark-and-belgium-unite-to-increase-eus-wind-power-by-500-percent/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. Commercial Space: Industry Developments and FAA Challenges. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2016.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Tovar L. Perceived life satisfaction of previously undocumented Latino immigrants. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach; 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Greenhouse L. Case of the Dwindling Docket Mystifies the Supreme Court. New York Times. 2006;:A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1, 2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	BMC Endocrine Disorders
Abbreviation	BMC Endocr. Disord.
ISSN (online)	1472-6823
Scope	General Medicine Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism