How to format your references using the Breastfeeding Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Breastfeeding Medicine (BFM). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schilling G. ASTRONOMY: The Virtual Observatory Moves Closer to Reality. Science 2000;289(5477):238a–9a.

A journal article with 2 authors

Hezel DC, Russell SS. Comment on “ancient asteroids enriched in refractory inclusions.” Science 2008;322(5904):1050; author reply 1050.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pakull MW, Soria R, Motch C. A 300-parsec-long jet-inflated bubble around a powerful microquasar in the galaxy NGC 7793. Nature 2010;466(7303):209–212.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Maeda S, Hsu L-C, Liu H, et al. Nod2 mutation in Crohn’s disease potentiates NF-kappaB activity and IL-1beta processing. Science 2005;307(5710):734–738.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Chandru V, Hooker J. Optimization Methods for Logical Inference. John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ; 1999.

An edited book

De Doncker R. Advanced Electrical Drives: Analysis, Modeling, Control. (Pulle DWJ, Veltman A. eds). Power Systems. Springer Netherlands: Dordrecht; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

Pratt-Hartmann I. The Two-Variable Fragment with Counting Revisited. In: Logic, Language, Information and Computation: 17th International Workshop, WoLLIC 2010, Brasilia, Brazil, July 6-9, 2010. Proceedings. (Dawar A, Queiroz R de. eds). Lecture Notes in Computer Science Springer: Berlin, Heidelberg; 2010; pp. 42–54.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Breastfeeding Medicine.

Blog post

O`Callaghan J. The World’s First Solar-Powered Sports Car Could Drive Forever. IFLScience; 2015. [Last accessed: 10/30/2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Increased Federal Telecommunications System Use by Strengthened Control Over Commercial Toll Calls Could Reduce Costs. U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC; 1981.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Sutton DS. Structural and Geophysical Interpretation of Roatán Island, Honduras, Western Caribbean. Doctoral dissertation. University of Louisiana: Lafayette, LA; 2015.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kelly M. THE 1992 CAMPAIGN: Hometown; Perot Isn’t Necessarily Texarkana’s Favorite Son. New York Times 1992;128.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Breastfeeding Medicine
ISSN (print)	1556-8253
ISSN (online)	1556-8342
Scope