How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Animal Science citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Animal Science. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Schindler, D. 2010. Tar sands need solid science. Nature 468: 499–501.

A journal article with 2 authors

Eliades, S.J., and Wang, X. 2008. Neural substrates of vocalization feedback monitoring in primate auditory cortex. Nature 453: 1102–1106.

A journal article with 3 authors

Martincorena, I., Seshasayee, A.S.N., and Luscombe, N.M. 2012. Evidence of non-random mutation rates suggests an evolutionary risk management strategy. Nature 485: 95–98.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Pradhan, A.K., Mundle, R.M., Santiago, K., Skuza, J.R., Xiao, B., Song, K.D., Bahoura, M., Cheaito, R., and Hopkins, P.E. 2014. Extreme tunability in aluminum doped zinc oxide plasmonic materials for near-infrared applications. Sci. Rep. 4: 6415.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Davies, D. 2011. Philosophy of the Performing Arts. Wiley-Blackwell, Oxford, UK.

An edited book

Benedetti, R. 2015. Sampling Spatial Units for Agricultural Surveys. Edited ByF. Piersimoni and P. Postiglione. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

A chapter in an edited book

Huang, Y., and Tan, T. 2014. Experimental Study of Feature Coding. Pages 37–45 in T. Tan, ed. Feature Coding for Image Representation and Recognition. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Animal Science.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015.November 13. Beautiful Biofluorescent Eels Discovered. IFLScience. [Online] Available: https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/beautiful-biofluorescent-eels-discovered/ [2018 Oct. 30].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office 1976. International Cooperation in Energy Research and Development. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Nam, S. 2010. A method for teaching jazz improvisation to beginning pianists in a group setting. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Loomis, G. 2012.October 2. Baroque Opera at the Ambronay Festival. New York Times: 0.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Schindler 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Eliades and Wang 2008; Schindler 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Eliades and Wang 2008)
Three or more authors: (Pradhan et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Animal Science
Abbreviation	Can. J. Anim. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0008-3984
ISSN (online)	1918-1825
Scope	Animal Science and Zoology Food Animals