How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Cardiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Cardiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Draaisma D. Oliver Sacks (1933-2015). Nature. 2015;525(7568):188.

A journal article with 2 authors

LeRoy BJ, Yankowitz M. Physics. Emergent complex states in bilayer graphene. Science. 2014;345(6192):31-32.

A journal article with 3 authors

Dornelas M, Connolly SR, Hughes TP. Coral reef diversity refutes the neutral theory of biodiversity. Nature. 2006;440(7080):80-82.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Carilli CL, Lewis GF, Djorgovski SG, et al. A molecular Einstein ring: imaging a starburst disk surrounding a quasi-stellar object. Science. 2003;300(5620):773-775.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Kim YH. Sound Propagation. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2010.

An edited book

Choudhary DK, Varma A, Tuteja N, eds. Plant-Microbe Interaction: An Approach to Sustainable Agriculture. Springer; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

Albini A, Protti S. Renewable Resources: From Refinery to Bio-refinery. In: Protti S, ed. Paradigms in Green Chemistry and Technology. SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science. Springer International Publishing; 2016:63-76.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Cardiology.

Blog post

Davis J. Scientists Reprogram Skin Cells To Hunt Down And Shrink Brain Tumors. IFLScience. February 3, 2017.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Space Station: Status of Financial Reserves. U.S. Government Printing Office; 1992.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Lake AD. Hepatic Stress Response Mechanisms in Progressive Human Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Doctoral dissertation. University of Arizona; 2013.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gordon MR, Schmitt E. Showdown Expected in the Euphrates Valley, but It’s Complicated. New York Times. September 1, 2017:A6.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Cardiology
Abbreviation	Can. J. Cardiol.
ISSN (print)	0828-282X
Scope	Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine