How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Starr, D.A. 2010. Cell biology. Nuclei get TAN lines. Science 329(5994): 909–910.

A journal article with 2 authors

Wassarman, K.M., and Saecker, R.M. 2006. Synthesis-mediated release of a small RNA inhibitor of RNA polymerase. Science 314(5805): 1601–1603.

A journal article with 3 authors

Scholz, H., Franz, M., and Heberlein, U. 2005. The hangover gene defines a stress pathway required for ethanol tolerance development. Nature 436(7052): 845–847.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Ha, T., Rasnik, I., Cheng, W., Babcock, H.P., Gauss, G.H., Lohman, T.M., and Chu, S. 2002. Initiation and re-initiation of DNA unwinding by the Escherichia coli Rep helicase. Nature 419(6907): 638–641.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Stoican, F., and Olaru, S. 2013. Set-theoretic Fault-tolerant Control in Multisensor Systems. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ USA.

An edited book

Zayas, V., and Hazan, C. (Editors). 2015. Bases of Adult Attachment: Linking Brain, Mind and Behavior. Springer, New York, NY.

A chapter in an edited book

Maso, M. 2016. Energy Harvesting Oriented Transceiver Design for 5G Networks. In Energy Management in Wireless Cellular and Ad-hoc Networks. Edited by M.Z. Shakir, M.A. Imran, K. A. Qaraqe, M.-S. Alouini, and A. V. Vasilakos. Springer International Publishing, Cham. pp. 67–95.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences.

Blog post

Davis, J. 2015, May 8. Scientists Restore Sight In Blind Mice. IFLScience. Available from https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/scientists-restore-sight-blind-mice/ [accessed 30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2009. Commercial Space Transportation: Development of the Commercial Space Launch Industry Presents Safety Oversight Challenges for FAA and Raises Issues Affecting Federal Roles. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Zazworsky, L.M. 2013. Dumbing down for others: Differences in socially motivated underachievement between working and middle class students. Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Barnard, A. 2016, October 20. Wary of Russian Guarantees, Residents Are Staying Put in Aleppo. New York Times: A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Starr 2010).
This sentence cites two references (Wassarman and Saecker 2006; Starr 2010).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Wassarman and Saecker 2006)
Three or more authors: (Ha et al. 2002)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
Abbreviation	Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci.
ISSN (print)	0706-652X
ISSN (online)	1205-7533
Scope	Aquatic Science Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics