How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Forest Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Forest Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Yang, X. 2004. An embryonic nation. Nature 428(6979): 210–212.

A journal article with 2 authors

Vinnikov, K.Y., and Grody, N.C. 2003. Global warming trend of mean tropospheric temperature observed by satellites. Science 302(5643): 269–272.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gestwicki, J.E., Crabtree, G.R., and Graef, I.A. 2004. Harnessing chaperones to generate small-molecule inhibitors of amyloid beta aggregation. Science 306(5697): 865–869.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Kuehnbaum, N.L., Gillen, J.B., Gibala, M.J., and Britz-McKibbin, P. 2014. Personalized metabolomics for predicting glucose tolerance changes in sedentary women after high-intensity interval training. Sci. Rep. 4: 6166.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Martinelli, R.J., and Milosevic, D.Z. 2015. Project Management ToolBox. John Wiley & Sons, Inc, Hoboken, NJ.

An edited book

Gutiérrez, F., and Gutiérrez, M. (Editors). 2014. Landscapes and Landforms of Spain. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Yi, H., and Tian, X. 2010. A Study to Neuron Ensemble of Cognitive Cortex ISI Coding Represent Stimulus. In Advances in Neural Networks - ISNN 2010: 7th International Symposium on Neural Networks, ISNN 2010, Shanghai, China, June 6-9, 2010, Proceedings, Part I. Edited by L. Zhang, B.-L. Lu, and J. Kwok. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 27–32.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Forest Research.

Blog post

O`Callaghan, J. 2015, August 10. The Universe Is Dying. IFLScience. Available from https://www.iflscience.com/space/universe-dying-and-theres-nothing-we-can-do-stop-it/ [accessed 30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1987. Privatization of Federal Aviation Administration Functions. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Herron, M. 2013. Prescripton labels: Do you know what medication you are taking? Doctoral dissertation, California State University, Long Beach, Long Beach, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Gordon, M.R. 2017, April 26. On the Mosul Front, a Block-by-Block Fight Against ISIS and Time. New York Times: A10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Yang 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Vinnikov and Grody 2003; Yang 2004).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Vinnikov and Grody 2003)
Three or more authors: (Kuehnbaum et al. 2014)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Forest Research
Abbreviation	Can. J. For. Res.
ISSN (print)	0045-5067
ISSN (online)	1208-6037
Scope	Forestry Ecology Global and Planetary Change