How to format your references using the Canadian Journal of Microbiology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Journal of Microbiology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Joenje, H. 2011. Metabolism: alcohol, DNA and disease. Nature 475(7354): 45–46.

A journal article with 2 authors

Galonić, D.P., and Gin, D.Y. 2007. Chemical glycosylation in the synthesis of glycoconjugate antitumour vaccines. Nature 446(7139): 1000–1007.

A journal article with 3 authors

Gore, J., Youk, H., and van Oudenaarden, A. 2009. Snowdrift game dynamics and facultative cheating in yeast. Nature 459(7244): 253–256.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Garfield, A.S., Cowley, M., Smith, F.M., Moorwood, K., Stewart-Cox, J.E., Gilroy, K., Baker, S., Xia, J., Dalley, J.W., Hurst, L.D., Wilkinson, L.S., Isles, A.R., and Ward, A. 2011. Distinct physiological and behavioural functions for parental alleles of imprinted Grb10. Nature 469(7331): 534–538.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Hens, H. 2012. Building Physics - Heat, Air and Moisture. Ernst & Sohn Verlag für Architektur und technische Wissenschaften GmbH & Co. KG, Berlin, Germany.

An edited book

Tsolidis, G. (Editor). 2014. Migration, Diaspora and Identity: Cross-National Experiences. Springer Netherlands, Dordrecht.

A chapter in an edited book

Ortiz-Arroyo, D., and Hussain, D.M.A. 2008. An Information Theory Approach to Identify Sets of Key Players. In Intelligence and Security Informatics: First European Conference, EuroISI 2008, Esbjerg, Denmark, December 3-5, 2008. Proceedings. Edited by D. Ortiz-Arroyo, H.L. Larsen, D.D. Zeng, D. Hicks, and G. Wagner. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg. pp. 15–26.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Journal of Microbiology.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015, September 30. Cannibalism And Detachable Penises: The Unusual Sex Lives Of The Animal Kingdom. IFLScience. [accessed 30 October 2018].

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 1988. Alaskan Offshore Shipping: Changing Federal Regulation and Service. U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Portwood, B. 2017. Inclusive Special and General Education Secondary Teachers’ Attitudes towards the Inclusion of Students with Disabilities in the General Education Setting. Doctoral dissertation, Lindenwood University, St. Charles, MO.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kolomatsky, M. 2017, May 5. The Most Popular During April. New York Times: RE2.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Joenje 2011).
This sentence cites two references (Galonić and Gin 2007; Joenje 2011).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Galonić and Gin 2007)
Three or more authors: (Garfield et al. 2011)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Journal of Microbiology
Abbreviation	Can. J. Microbiol.
ISSN (print)	1480-3275
ISSN (online)	0008-4166
Scope	Genetics Molecular Biology Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology Immunology Microbiology General Medicine