How to format your references using the Canadian Pharmacists Journal citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Pharmacists Journal. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Sibum HO. Beyond the ivory tower. What kind of science is experimental physics? Science. 2004 Oct 1;306(5693):60–1.

A journal article with 2 authors

Birney E, Soranzo N. Human genomics: The end of the start for population sequencing. Nature. 2015 Oct 1;526(7571):52–3.

A journal article with 3 authors

Neutel AM, Heesterbeek JAP, De Ruiter PC. Stability in real food webs: weak links in long loops. Science. 2002 May 10;296(5570):1120–3.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Clarke HF, Dalley JW, Crofts HS, Robbins TW, Roberts AC. Cognitive inflexibility after prefrontal serotonin depletion. Science. 2004 May 7;304(5672):878–80.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

May V, Kühn O. Charge and Energy Transfer Dynamics in Molecular Systems. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH; 2007.

An edited book

Danaev N, Shokin Y, Darkhan AZ, editors. Mathematical Modeling of Technological Processes: 8th International Conference, CITech 2015, Almaty, Kazakhstan, September 24-27, 2015, Proceedings. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2015. XII, 211 p. 93 illus. (Communications in Computer and Information Science; vol. 549).

A chapter in an edited book

Friedrich P, Rossato J. Culture for Organizational Learning in Turbulent Environments. In: North K, Varvakis G, editors. Competitive Strategies for Small and Medium Enterprises: Increasing Crisis Resilience, Agility and Innovation in Turbulent Times. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016. p. 45–76.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Pharmacists Journal.

Blog post

Andrew E. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. Astronomers Spot Signs Of Some Of The Earliest Galaxies. Available from: https://www.iflscience.com/space/how-did-no-one-see-all-these-galaxies/

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Preserving the Interstate System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1990 Apr. Report No.: T-RCED-90-68.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Bustos I. Backpacking Through My Suburban Barrio: Eco-Latina Diaries [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2017.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Vecsey G. Back to Brooklyn for a U.S. Eagle. New York Times. 2011 Oct 16;SP10.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Pharmacists Journal
Abbreviation	Can. Pharm. J. (Ott.)
ISSN (print)	1715-1635
ISSN (online)	1913-701X
Scope	Pharmaceutical Science