How to format your references using the Canadian Public Policy citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Canadian Public Policy (CPP). For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Martin, T. E. 2015. “LIFE HISTORY. Age-related mortality explains life history strategies of tropical and temperate songbirds.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 349(6251):966–970.

A journal article with 2 authors

Debenedetti, P. G., and S. Sarupria. 2009. “Chemistry. Hydrate molecular ballet.” Science (New York, N.Y.) 326(5956):1070–1071.

A journal article with 3 authors

Hsieh, C.-S., J. Kovářík, and T. Logan. 2014. “How central are clients in sexual networks created by commercial sex?” Scientific reports 4:7540.

A journal article with 11 or more authors

Morris, D. G., X. Huang, N. Kaminski, Y. Wang, S. D. Shapiro, G. Dolganov, A. Glick, and D. Sheppard. 2003. “Loss of integrin alpha(v)beta6-mediated TGF-beta activation causes Mmp12-dependent emphysema.” Nature 422(6928):169–173.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Campbell, A. K. 2014. Intracellular Calcium. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

An edited book

Zhou, W. 2016. Stability and Synchronization Control of Stochastic Neural Networks. Ed. J. Yang, L. Zhou, and D. Tong. 1st ed. 2016. Vol. 35. Studies in Systems, Decision and Control. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer.

A chapter in an edited book

Chaudhary, M., and A. Kumar. 2015. “DOM Manipulation with jQuery.” In Practical jQuery, ed. A. Kumar, 75–98. Berkeley, CA: Apress.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Canadian Public Policy.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015. “That Sinking Feeling… Could Cavities on Comet Pose yet Another Risk to Philae?” IFLScience. IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/space/sinking-feeling-could-cavities-comet-pose-yet-another-risk-philae/.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2014. Space Acquisitions: DOD Needs More Guidance on Decisions to Store Satellites. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Houger, V. P. 2011. “Generational differences and the impact to employee engagement: A program design.” Doctoral dissertation, Minneapolis, MN: Capella University.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Murray, J. 2016. “Defying an Unwritten Rule of Escalator Riding.” New York Times, August 23.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Martin 2015).
This sentence cites two references (Martin 2015; Debenedetti and Sarupria 2009).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Debenedetti and Sarupria 2009)
Three or more authors: (Morris et al. 2003)

About the journal

Full journal title	Canadian Public Policy
Abbreviation	Can. Public Policy
ISSN (print)	0317-0861
Scope	Sociology and Political Science Public Administration