How to format your references using the Cancer Biomarkers citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cancer Biomarkers. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

P. Lemaire, Developmental biology. How many ways to make a chordate?, Science. 312 (2006), 1145–1146.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

C.L. Jia and K. Urban, Atomic-resolution measurement of oxygen concentration in oxide materials, Science. 303 (2004), 2001–2004.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

M.J. Kennedy, D.R. Pevear and R.J. Hill, Mineral surface control of organic carbon in black shale, Science. 295 (2002), 657–660.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

[1]

M. Capone, M. Fabrizio, C. Castellani and E. Tosatti, Strongly correlated superconductivity, Science. 296 (2002), 2364–2366.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

K. Hogan, The Secret Language of Business, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Hoboken, NJ, 2008.

An edited book

[1]

M. Barboiu, ed., Constitutional Dynamic Chemistry, Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg, 2012.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

B. Siim and S. Meret, Right-wing Populism in Denmark: People, Nation and Welfare in the Construction of the ‘Other,’ in: The Rise of the Far Right in Europe: Populist Shifts and “Othering,” G. Lazaridis, G. Campani, and A. Benveniste, eds., Palgrave Macmillan UK, London, 2016, pp. 109–136.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cancer Biomarkers.

Blog post

[1]

J. O`Callaghan, Japanese Company Wants To Create Artificial Meteors For The 2020 Tokyo Olympics, IFLScience. (2016). https://www.iflscience.com/space/japanese-company-wants-create-artificial-meteors-2020-tokyo-olympics/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office, Indian Affairs: Management Challenges Continue to Hinder Efforts to Improve Indian Education, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC, 2013.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

T. Yoon, Object Recognition Based on Multi-Agent Spatial Reasoning, Doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 2008.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

B. Rothenberg, It’s Jelena Ostapenko on Her ID, and Alona to Those in the Know, New York Times. (2017), SP7.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Cancer Biomarkers
ISSN (print)	1574-0153
ISSN (online)	1875-8592
Scope