How to format your references using the Cancer Immunology Research citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cancer Immunology Research. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Spiegel A. Cell signaling. beta-arrestin--not just for G protein-coupled receptors. Science. 2003;301:1338–9.

A journal article with 2 authors

Chatterjee S, Callaway EM. Parallel colour-opponent pathways to primary visual cortex. Nature. 2003;426:668–71.

A journal article with 3 authors

Rajca A, Wongsriratanakul J, Rajca S. Magnetic ordering in an organic polymer. Science. 2001;294:1503–5.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Gu ZT, Wang H, Li L, Liu YS, Deng XB, Huo SF, et al. Heat stress induces apoptosis through transcription-independent p53-mediated mitochondrial pathways in human umbilical vein endothelial cell. Sci Rep. 2014;4:4469.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bobrow J, Kohn E, Mondragon-Gilmore J, Eggenschwiler J. CliffsNotes® Praxis I®: PPST®. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley Publishing, Inc.; 2009.

An edited book

Popescu-Belis A, Stiefelhagen R, editors. Machine Learning for Multimodal Interaction: 5th International Workshop, MLMI 2008, Utrecht, The Netherlands, September 8-10, 2008. Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008.

A chapter in an edited book

Gropp WD. MPI and Hybrid Programming Models for Petascale Computing. In: Lastovetsky A, Kechadi T, Dongarra J, editors. Recent Advances in Parallel Virtual Machine and Message Passing Interface: 15th European PVM/MPI Users’ Group Meeting, Dublin, Ireland, September 7-10, 2008 Proceedings. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2008. page 6–7.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cancer Immunology Research.

Blog post

Taub B. Medical And Recreational Marijuana Approved In Several US States. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2016.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Equal Employment Opportunity Program Could Be Improved. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1975 Apr. Report No.: FPCD-75-107.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Englebrecht KM. Healing the invisible wounds: A grant proposal for female veterans suffering from PTSD [Doctoral dissertation]. [Long Beach, CA]: California State University, Long Beach; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Kishkovsky S. Concert Settings Fit for a Romanov. New York Times. 2001;53.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (1).
This sentence cites two references (1,2).
This sentence cites four references (1–4).

About the journal

Full journal title	Cancer Immunology Research
Abbreviation	Cancer Immunol. Res.
ISSN (print)	2326-6066
ISSN (online)	2326-6074
Scope	Cancer Research Immunology