How to format your references using the Chemical Research in Toxicology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Chemical Research in Toxicology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

(1)

Sincell, M. PLANETARY SCIENCE: Newfound Worlds Hint at Hard-Knock Life. Science 2000, 289 (5482), 1125.

A journal article with 2 authors

(1)

Cassidy, L. D.; Narita, M. CELL BIOLOGY. GATA Get a Hold on Senescence. Science 2015, 349 (6255), 1448–1449.

A journal article with 3 authors

(1)

Snyder, S. A.; Gollner, A.; Chiriac, M. I. Regioselective Reactions for Programmable Resveratrol Oligomer Synthesis. Nature 2011, 474 (7352), 461–466.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

(1)

Bechtluft, P.; van Leeuwen, R. G. H.; Tyreman, M.; Tomkiewicz, D.; Nouwen, N.; Tepper, H. L.; Driessen, A. J. M.; Tans, S. J. Direct Observation of Chaperone-Induced Changes in a Protein Folding Pathway. Science 2007, 318 (5855), 1458–1461.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

(1)

Choudhry, M.; Moskovic, D.; Wong, M.; Baig, S.; Liu, Z.; Lizzio, M.; Voicu, A. Fixed Income Markets; John Wiley & Sons, Inc.: Hoboken, NJ, 2014.

An edited book

(1)

Proceedings of the International Congress on Information and Communication Technology: ICICT 2015, Volume 1; Satapathy, S. C., Bhatt, Y. C., Joshi, A., Mishra, D. K., Eds.; Advances in Intelligent Systems and Computing; Springer: Singapore, 2016; Vol. 438.

A chapter in an edited book

(1)

Dold, M. F. Condorcet’s Jury Theorem as a Rational Justification of Soft Paternalistic Consumer Policies. In Nudging - Possibilities, Limitations and Applications in European Law and Economics; Mathis, K., Tor, A., Eds.; Papers on economics and evolution; Springer International Publishing: Cham, 2016; pp 39–58.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Chemical Research in Toxicology.

Blog post

(1)

Andrew, D. Can You Really “Unripen” A Banana With A Blowdryer And Rice? IFLScience. https://www.iflscience.com/chemistry/reviving-your-lifeless-banana-good-blow/ (accessed 2018-10-30)

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

(1)

Government Accountability Office. Telecommunications and Information Technology: Federal Programs That Can Be Used to Fund Technology for Schools and Libraries; T-HEHS-98-246; U.S. Government Printing Office: Washington, DC, 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

(1)

Ryan, H. L. Normalizing Happiness: The Rhetoric of Depression in Direct -to -Consumer Advertising. Doctoral dissertation, University of Arizona, 2009.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

(1)

Higgins, A. Putin Butts In to Claim There Were No Secrets, And Says He’ll Prove It. New York Times. May 17, 2017, p A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Chemical Research in Toxicology
Abbreviation	Chem. Res. Toxicol.
ISSN (print)	0893-228X
ISSN (online)	1520-5010
Scope	General Medicine Toxicology