How to format your references using the Chinese Journal of Cancer citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Chinese Journal of Cancer. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Hampsey M. Molecular biology. A new direction for gene loops. Science. 2012;338:624–5.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Higgins SI, Scheiter S. Atmospheric CO2 forces abrupt vegetation shifts locally, but not globally. Nature. 2012;488:209–12.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Geng WT, Wang J-S, Olson GB. Comment on “Grain boundary decohesion by impurity segregation in a nickel-sulfur system.” Science. 2005;309:1677; author reply 1677.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Pelaz S, Ditta GS, Baumann E, Wisman E, Yanofsky MF. B and C floral organ identity functions require SEPALLATA MADS-box genes. Nature. 2000;405:200–3.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Duckert GH. Practical Enterprise Risk Management. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2010.

An edited book

1. Mahlich JC, Pascha W, editors. Innovation and Technology in Korea: Challenges of a Newly Advanced Economy. Heidelberg: Physica-Verlag HD; 2007.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Man J, Goldberg DJ. Laser Treatment of Unwanted Hair. In: Goldberg DJ, editor. Laser Dermatology. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2013. p. 65–88.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Chinese Journal of Cancer.

Blog post

1. Fang J. Crocs Enjoy Playing With Toys and Getting Piggyback Rides [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/crocs-enjoy-playing-toys-and-getting-piggyback-rides/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. ADP Modernization: IRS Needs to Assess Design Alternatives for Its Electronic Filing System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1989 May. Report No.: IMTEC-89-33.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Reser G. Assessing the Relationship between Adult Attachment and Differentiation of Self to Coparental Divorce Adjustment [Doctoral dissertation]. [Scottsdale, AZ]: Northcentral University; 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. McKINLEY JC Jr. New York City Scraps 644,000 Old Warrants for Minor Offenses. New York Times. 2017 Aug 10;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Chinese Journal of Cancer
Abbreviation	Chin. J. Cancer
ISSN (online)	1944-446X
Scope	Oncology