How to format your references using the Cladistics citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Cladistics. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Chapman, T. 2004. Starting from scratch. Nature. 430, 113.

A journal article with 2 authors

Shapiro, L., Losick, R. 2013. Retrospective. Francois Jacob (1920-2013). Science (New York, N.Y.). 340, 939.

A journal article with 3 authors

West, G.B., Brown, J.H., Enquist, B.J. 2001. A general model for ontogenetic growth. Nature. 413, 628–631.

A journal article with 4 or more authors

Zou, Z., Horowitz, L.F., Montmayeur, J.P., Snapper, S., Buck, L.B. 2001. Genetic tracing reveals a stereotyped sensory map in the olfactory cortex. Nature. 414, 173–179.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Bush, J., Harris, D.M., Parker, R.J. 2016. Cognitive Self Change. John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, Chichester, UK.

An edited book

Seuret, A., Özbay, H., Bonnet, C., Mounier, H. (Eds.). 2014. Low-Complexity Controllers for Time-Delay Systems, Advances in Delays and Dynamics. Springer International Publishing, Cham.

A chapter in an edited book

Sušil, P., Sepehrdad, P., Vaudenay, S. 2014. On Selection of Samples in Algebraic Attacks and a New Technique to Find Hidden Low Degree Equations, in: Susilo, W., Mu, Y. (Eds.), Information Security and Privacy: 19th Australasian Conference, ACISP 2014, Wollongong, NSW, Australia, July 7-9, 2014. Proceedings, Lecture Notes in Computer Science. Springer International Publishing, Cham, pp. 50–65.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Cladistics.

Blog post

Andrew, E. 2015. Treasure Trove Of Fossilized Dinosaur Eggs Discovered By Road Workers In China [WWW Document]. IFLScience. URL https://www.iflscience.com/plants-and-animals/forty-three-fossilized-dinosaur-eggs-discovered-road-workers-china/ (accessed 10.30.18).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. 2005. Head Start: Comprehensive Approach to Identifying and Addressing Risks Could Help Prevent Grantee Financial Management Weaknesses (No. GAO-05-465T). U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Quick, T.D. 2012. Faith-based charter school success at education ground zero (Doctoral dissertation). Pepperdine University, Malibu, CA.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Turkewitz, J. 2016. Mayor’s Arrest and Link to the Death of a Boy Have Divided a California City. New York Times. A16.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by name and year in parentheses:

This sentence cites one reference (Chapman, 2004).
This sentence cites two references (Chapman, 2004; Shapiro and Losick, 2013).

Here are examples of in-text citations with multiple authors:

Two authors: (Shapiro and Losick, 2013)
Three or more authors: (Zou et al., 2001)

About the journal

Full journal title	Cladistics
Abbreviation	Cladistics
ISSN (print)	0748-3007
ISSN (online)	1096-0031
Scope	Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics