How to format your references using the Clinical and Experimental Nephrology citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical and Experimental Nephrology. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

1. Triendl R. Japan sets tissue donor guidelines. Nature. 2000;404:529.

A journal article with 2 authors

1. Chemla DS, Shah J. Many-body and correlation effects in semiconductors. Nature. 2001;411:549–57.

A journal article with 3 authors

1. Moellering ER, Muthan B, Benning C. Freezing tolerance in plants requires lipid remodeling at the outer chloroplast membrane. Science. 2010;330:226–8.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

1. Smith DM, Lopez LI, Lin RP, Barrington-Leigh CP. Terrestrial gamma-ray flashes observed up to 20 MeV. Science. 2005;307:1085–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

1. Mazze RS, Strock ES, Simonson GD, Bergenstal RM. Staged Diabetes Management. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd; 2006.

An edited book

1. Coello CAC, editor. Learning and Intelligent Optimization: 5th International Conference, LION 5, Rome, Italy, January 17-21, 2011. Selected Papers. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011.

A chapter in an edited book

1. Gurvits L. On multivariate Newton-like inequalities. In: Kotsireas IS, Zima EV, editors. Advances in Combinatorial Mathematics: Proceedings of the Waterloo Workshop in Computer Algebra 2008. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2010. p. 61–78.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical and Experimental Nephrology.

Blog post

1. Andrew E. How To Take The Pressure Off The Cost Of Our Water Supply [Internet]. IFLScience. IFLScience; 2015 [cited 2018 Oct 30]. https://www.iflscience.com/environment/how-take-pressure-cost-our-water-supply/. Accessed 30 Oct 2018

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

1. Government Accountability Office. DHS Multi-Agency Operation Centers Would Benefit from Taking Further Steps to Enhance Collaboration and Coordination. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 2007 Apr. Report No.: GAO-07-686R.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

1. Rahschulte RL. An Examination of the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Detect, Practice, and Repair versus Traditional Cover, Copy, and Compare Procedures: A Component Analysis [Doctoral dissertation]. [Cincinnati, OH]: University of Cincinnati; 2014.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

1. Greenhouse L. Justices Chilly To Bid to Alter Death Penalty. New York Times. 2008 Jan 8;A1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical and Experimental Nephrology
Abbreviation	Clin. Exp. Nephrol.
ISSN (print)	1342-1751
ISSN (online)	1437-7799
Scope	Physiology Nephrology Physiology (medical)