How to format your references using the Clinical Nutrition citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Nutrition. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Download the output style file
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Markl H. Research doesn’t denigrate humanity. Nature 2001;412:479–80.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Chen D, Ma XL. Local decomposition induced by dislocation motions inside tetragonal Al(2)Cu compound: slip system-dependent dynamics. Sci Rep 2013;3:3157.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Yekta S, Shih I-H, Bartel DP. MicroRNA-directed cleavage of HOXB8 mRNA. Science 2004;304:594–6.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Chiang SH, Baumann CA, Kanzaki M, Thurmond DC, Watson RT, Neudauer CL, et al. Insulin-stimulated GLUT4 translocation requires the CAP-dependent activation of TC10. Nature 2001;410:944–8.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Saadoun AP. Esthetic Soft Tissue Management of Teeth and Implants. West Sussex, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd,.; 2012.

An edited book

[1]

Reich S. Genericity in Nonlinear Analysis. vol. 34. New York, NY: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Verma DK, Srivastava S, Kumar V, Srivastav PP. Biological Agents in Fusarium Wilt (FW) Diagnostic for Sustainable Pigeon Pea Production, Opportunities and Challenges. In: Kumar P, Gupta VK, Tiwari AK, Kamle M, editors. Current Trends in Plant Disease Diagnostics and Management Practices, Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016, p. 91–109.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Nutrition.

Blog post

[1]

Hamilton K. What The Color of Your Urine Says About Your Health. IFLScience 2014. https://www.iflscience.com/health-and-medicine/what-color-your-urine-says-about-your-health/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Administration of Payroll Matters for Civilian Employees, Marine Corps Development and Education Command. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1970.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Fan H-T. Design of delta operator based decision feedback equalizer for high-speed backplane data communication. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Waldstein D, Rothenberg B. They Built a Roof. It Got Loud. Now What? New York Times 2016:D1.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Nutrition
Abbreviation	Clin. Nutr.
ISSN (print)	0261-5614
Scope	Critical Care and Intensive Care Medicine Nutrition and Dietetics