How to format your references using the Clinical Nutrition Experimental citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Nutrition Experimental. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

[1]

Glabe C. Biomedicine. Avoiding collateral damage in Alzheimer’s disease treatment. Science 2006;314:602–3.

A journal article with 2 authors

[1]

Dresselhaus MS, Thomas IL. Alternative energy technologies. Nature 2001;414:332–7.

A journal article with 3 authors

[1]

Bongard J, Zykov V, Lipson H. Resilient machines through continuous self-modeling. Science 2006;314:1118–21.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

[1]

Liu FG, Miyamoto MM, Freire NP, Ong PQ, Tennant MR, Young TS, et al. Molecular and morphological supertrees for eutherian (placental) mammals. Science 2001;291:1786–9.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

[1]

Perrin V. MRI Techniques. Hoboken, NJ USA: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2013.

An edited book

[1]

Ribeiro P, Raposo M, editors. Photoptics 2015: Revised Selected Papers. vol. 181. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2016.

A chapter in an edited book

[1]

Barros dos Santos P, da Mota Soares-Cavalcanti N, Vieira-de-Melo GS, Benko-Iseppon AM. Osmoprotectants in the Sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) Transcriptome Revealed by in Silico Evaluation. In: Rizzo R, Lisboa PJG, editors. Computational Intelligence Methods for Bioinformatics and Biostatistics: 7th International Meeting, CIBB 2010, Palermo, Italy, September 16-18, 2010, Revised Selected Papers, Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011, p. 44–58.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Nutrition Experimental.

Blog post

[1]

Andrew E. Methane Found in Martian Meteorites. IFLScience 2015. https://www.iflscience.com/space/methane-found-martian-meteorites/ (accessed October 30, 2018).

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

[1]

Government Accountability Office. Airfield Pavements. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1997.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

[1]

Van Exel LM. Applying database refactoring techniques to procedural SQL. Doctoral dissertation. California State University, Long Beach, 2012.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

[1]

Chauncey G. The Long Road to Marriage Equality. New York Times 2013:A31.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in square brackets:

This sentence cites one reference [1].
This sentence cites two references [1,2].
This sentence cites four references [1–4].

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Nutrition Experimental
Abbreviation	Clin. Nutr. Exp.
ISSN (print)	2352-9393
Scope