How to format your references using the Clinical Pulmonary Medicine citation style

This is a short guide how to format citations and the bibliography in a manuscript for Clinical Pulmonary Medicine. For a complete guide how to prepare your manuscript refer to the journal's instructions to authors.

Using reference management software

Typically you don't format your citations and bibliography by hand. The easiest way is to use a reference manager:

Paperpile	The citation style is built in and you can choose it in Settings > Citation Style or Paperpile > Citation Style in Google Docs.
EndNote	Find the style here: output styles overview
Mendeley, Zotero, Papers, and others	The style is either built in or you can download a CSL file that is supported by most reference managers.
BibTeX	BibTeX styles are usually part of a LaTeX template. Check the instructions to authors if the publisher offers a LaTeX template for this journal.

Journal articles

Those examples are references to articles in scholarly journals and how they are supposed to appear in your bibliography.

Not all journals organize their published articles in volumes and issues, so these fields are optional. Some electronic journals do not provide a page range, but instead list an article identifier. In a case like this it's safe to use the article identifier instead of the page range.

A journal article with 1 author

Pillarisetty R. Academic and industry research progress in germanium nanodevices. Nature. 2011;479:324-328.

A journal article with 2 authors

Bucknall DG, Anderson HL. Chemistry. Polymers get organized. Science. 2003;302:1904-1905.

A journal article with 3 authors

Pelechano V, Wei W, Steinmetz LM. Extensive transcriptional heterogeneity revealed by isoform profiling. Nature. 2013;497:127-131.

A journal article with 7 or more authors

Moberg A, Sonechkin DM, Holmgren K, Datsenko NM, Karlén W, Lauritzen S-E. Highly variable Northern Hemisphere temperatures reconstructed from low- and high-resolution proxy data. Nature. 2005;433:613-617.

Books and book chapters

Here are examples of references for authored and edited books as well as book chapters.

An authored book

Zhang W, Shmulevich I, Astola J. Microarray Quality Control. Hoboken, NJ: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.; 2005.

An edited book

Saeed K, Snášel V, eds. Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management: 13th IFIP TC8 International Conference, CISIM 2014, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam, November 5-7, 2014. Proceedings. Vol 8838. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2014.

A chapter in an edited book

Teglio A, Raberto M, Cincotti S. Do Capital Requirements Affect Long-Run Output Trends? In: Osinga S, Hofstede GJ, Verwaart T, eds. Emergent Results of Artificial Economics. Lecture Notes in Economics and Mathematical Systems. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer; 2011:41-52.

Web sites

Sometimes references to web sites should appear directly in the text rather than in the bibliography. Refer to the Instructions to authors for Clinical Pulmonary Medicine.

Blog post

Andrew D. We’ve Been Wrong About The Origins Of Life For 90 Years. IFLScience.

Reports

This example shows the general structure used for government reports, technical reports, and scientific reports. If you can't locate the report number then it might be better to cite the report as a book. For reports it is usually not individual people that are credited as authors, but a governmental department or agency like "U. S. Food and Drug Administration" or "National Cancer Institute".

Government report

Government Accountability Office. Student Financial Aid: Schools’ Experiences Using the National Student Loan Data System. Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office; 1998.

Theses and dissertations

Theses including Ph.D. dissertations, Master's theses or Bachelor theses follow the basic format outlined below.

Doctoral dissertation

Wilensky SE. 340B prime vendor program: Health center decision making and barriers to participation. 2010.

News paper articles

Unlike scholarly journals, news papers do not usually have a volume and issue number. Instead, the full date and page number is required for a correct reference.

New York Times article

Wagner J. Victory for Morale Precedes an Actual Loss. New York Times. September 24, 2017:SP8.

In-text citations

References should be cited in the text by sequential numbers in superscript:

This sentence cites one reference ¹.
This sentence cites two references ^1,2.
This sentence cites four references ^1–4.

About the journal

Full journal title	Clinical Pulmonary Medicine
ISSN (print)	1068-0640
ISSN (online)	1536-5956
Scope